M-mbabe
JF-Expert Member
- Oct 29, 2009
- 13,203
- 23,026
saluti kwenu wakuu.
muda mrefu kumeibuka kamtindo ka baadhi yetu tunaopenda "maneno ya shombo" kuwaita wengine eti ni "nyumbu".
hili jina ni la mnyama ambaye kwa Kizungu anaitwa "mule" lakini ukilisoma au kulitamka au kusikia mtu akilitamka utaona ni kama ni tusi fulani vile.
nyumbu ni uzao wa punda dume na farasi jike. nyumbu ana vitu bora vya ziada kuliko hata hawa "wazazi" wake wawili.
ubora wa nyumbu unatokana na yeye kuwa na sifa kadhaa ambazo "wazazi" wake hao wamepungukiwa. nitazitaja hapa chini kwa uchache:
- ana akili zaidi
- ni mwelewa
- ana kumbukumbu nzuri
- ana msimamo katika anachokisimamia
- anajali jamii inayomzunguka
- ni mvumilivu dhidi ya mitulinga
- anaishi uda mrefu zaidi
swali langu kwa wanaopenda "kuwatukana" wenzao kwa kuwaita "manyumbu"....je mnakuwa mnamaanisha huyu huyu nyumbu mwenye sifa zilizoainishwa hapo juu au mwingine? kama ni huyu huyu kwa nini msiwe mnawaita "punda" au "farasi" basi?
nimalizie kwa kusema kama mnatukana watu kwa kuwaita jina la "nyumbu" huyu mzaliwa wa wazazi wake vi-la-za "punda" na "farasi", basi kuanzia leo mtu akiniita "nyumbu wewe!" na mimi nitakuwa namrudishia "punda wewe!" au "farasi wewe!".
kumwelewa zaidi "nyumbu", soma hapa chini...
========================================================
A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare).[1][2] Horses and donkeys are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes. Of the two F1 hybrids (first generation hybrids) between these two species, a mule is easier to obtain than a hinny, which is the offspring of a female donkey (jenny) and a male horse (stallion).
The size of a mule and work to which it is put depend largely on the breeding of the mule's female parent (dam). Mules can be lightweight, medium weight, or when produced from draft horse mares, of moderately heavy weight.[3]:85–87 Mules are more patient, hardy and long-lived than horses, and are less obstinate and more intelligent than donkeys.[4]:5
The mule is valued because, while it has the size and ground-covering ability of its dam, it is stronger than a horse of similar size and inherits the endurance and disposition of the donkey sire, tending to require less food than a horse of similar size. Mules also tend to be more independent than most domesticated equines other than the donkey.
The median weight range for a mule is between about 370 and 460 kg (820 and 1,000 lb).[5] While a few mules can carry live weight up to 160 kg (353 lb), the superiority of the mule becomes apparent in their additional endurance.[6]
In general, a mule can be packed with dead weight of up to 20% of its body weight, or approximately 90 kg (198 lb).[6] Although it depends on the individual animal, it has been reported that mules trained by the Army of Pakistan can carry up to 72 kilograms (159 lb) and walk 26 kilometres (16.2 mi) without resting.[7] The average equine in general can carry up to approximately 30% of its body weight in live weight, such as a rider.[8]
A female mule that has estrus cycles and thus, in theory, could carry a fetus, is called a "molly" or "Molly mule", though the term is sometimes used to refer to female mules in general. Pregnancy is rare, but can occasionally occur naturally as well as through embryo transfer. A male mule is properly called a horse mule, though often called a john mule, which is the correct term for a gelded mule. A young male mule is called a mule colt, and a young female is called a mule filly.[9]
With its short thick head, long ears, thin limbs, small narrow hooves, and short mane, the mule shares characteristics of a donkey. In height and body, shape of neck and rump, uniformity of coat, and teeth, it appears horse-like. The mule comes in all sizes, shapes and conformations. There are mules that resemble huge draft horses, sturdy quarter horses, fine-boned racing horses, shaggy ponies and more.
The mule is an example of hybrid vigor.[10] Charles Darwin wrote: "The mule always appears to me a most surprising animal. That a hybrid should possess more reason, memory, obstinacy, social affection, powers of muscular endurance, and length of life, than either of its parents, seems to indicate that art has here outdone nature."[11]
The mule inherits from its sire the traits of intelligence, sure-footedness, toughness, endurance, disposition, and natural cautiousness. From its dam it inherits speed, conformation, and agility.[12]:5–6,8 Mules exhibit a higher cognitive intelligence than their parent species. This is also believed to be the result of hybrid vigor, similar to how mules acquire greater height and endurance than either parent.[13]
Handlers of working animals generally find mules preferable to horses: mules show more patience under the pressure of heavy weights, and their skin is harder and less sensitive than that of horses, rendering them more capable of resisting sun and rain. Their hooves are harder than horses', and they show a natural resistance to disease and insects. Many North American farmers with clay soil found mules superior as plow animals.
A mule does not sound exactly like a donkey or a horse. Instead, a mule makes a sound that is similar to a donkey's but also has the whinnying characteristics of a horse (often starts with a whinny, ends in a hee-haw). Mules sometimes whimper.
A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare).[1][2] Horses and donkeys are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes. Of the two F1 hybrids (first generation hybrids) between these two species, a mule is easier to obtain than a hinny, which is the offspring of a female donkey (jenny) and a male horse (stallion).
The size of a mule and work to which it is put depend largely on the breeding of the mule's female parent (dam). Mules can be lightweight, medium weight, or when produced from draft horse mares, of moderately heavy weight.[3]:85–87 Mules are more patient, hardy and long-lived than horses, and are less obstinate and more intelligent than donkeys.[4]:5
Handlers of working animals generally find mules preferable to horses: mules show more patience under the pressure of heavy weights, and their skin is harder and less sensitive than that of horses, rendering them more capable of resisting sun and rain. Their hooves are harder than horses', and they show a natural resistance to disease and insects. Many North American farmers with clay soil found mules superior as plow animals.
muda mrefu kumeibuka kamtindo ka baadhi yetu tunaopenda "maneno ya shombo" kuwaita wengine eti ni "nyumbu".
hili jina ni la mnyama ambaye kwa Kizungu anaitwa "mule" lakini ukilisoma au kulitamka au kusikia mtu akilitamka utaona ni kama ni tusi fulani vile.
nyumbu ni uzao wa punda dume na farasi jike. nyumbu ana vitu bora vya ziada kuliko hata hawa "wazazi" wake wawili.
ubora wa nyumbu unatokana na yeye kuwa na sifa kadhaa ambazo "wazazi" wake hao wamepungukiwa. nitazitaja hapa chini kwa uchache:
- ana akili zaidi
- ni mwelewa
- ana kumbukumbu nzuri
- ana msimamo katika anachokisimamia
- anajali jamii inayomzunguka
- ni mvumilivu dhidi ya mitulinga
- anaishi uda mrefu zaidi
swali langu kwa wanaopenda "kuwatukana" wenzao kwa kuwaita "manyumbu"....je mnakuwa mnamaanisha huyu huyu nyumbu mwenye sifa zilizoainishwa hapo juu au mwingine? kama ni huyu huyu kwa nini msiwe mnawaita "punda" au "farasi" basi?
nimalizie kwa kusema kama mnatukana watu kwa kuwaita jina la "nyumbu" huyu mzaliwa wa wazazi wake vi-la-za "punda" na "farasi", basi kuanzia leo mtu akiniita "nyumbu wewe!" na mimi nitakuwa namrudishia "punda wewe!" au "farasi wewe!".
kumwelewa zaidi "nyumbu", soma hapa chini...
========================================================
A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare).[1][2] Horses and donkeys are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes. Of the two F1 hybrids (first generation hybrids) between these two species, a mule is easier to obtain than a hinny, which is the offspring of a female donkey (jenny) and a male horse (stallion).
The size of a mule and work to which it is put depend largely on the breeding of the mule's female parent (dam). Mules can be lightweight, medium weight, or when produced from draft horse mares, of moderately heavy weight.[3]:85–87 Mules are more patient, hardy and long-lived than horses, and are less obstinate and more intelligent than donkeys.[4]:5
The mule is valued because, while it has the size and ground-covering ability of its dam, it is stronger than a horse of similar size and inherits the endurance and disposition of the donkey sire, tending to require less food than a horse of similar size. Mules also tend to be more independent than most domesticated equines other than the donkey.
The median weight range for a mule is between about 370 and 460 kg (820 and 1,000 lb).[5] While a few mules can carry live weight up to 160 kg (353 lb), the superiority of the mule becomes apparent in their additional endurance.[6]
In general, a mule can be packed with dead weight of up to 20% of its body weight, or approximately 90 kg (198 lb).[6] Although it depends on the individual animal, it has been reported that mules trained by the Army of Pakistan can carry up to 72 kilograms (159 lb) and walk 26 kilometres (16.2 mi) without resting.[7] The average equine in general can carry up to approximately 30% of its body weight in live weight, such as a rider.[8]
A female mule that has estrus cycles and thus, in theory, could carry a fetus, is called a "molly" or "Molly mule", though the term is sometimes used to refer to female mules in general. Pregnancy is rare, but can occasionally occur naturally as well as through embryo transfer. A male mule is properly called a horse mule, though often called a john mule, which is the correct term for a gelded mule. A young male mule is called a mule colt, and a young female is called a mule filly.[9]
With its short thick head, long ears, thin limbs, small narrow hooves, and short mane, the mule shares characteristics of a donkey. In height and body, shape of neck and rump, uniformity of coat, and teeth, it appears horse-like. The mule comes in all sizes, shapes and conformations. There are mules that resemble huge draft horses, sturdy quarter horses, fine-boned racing horses, shaggy ponies and more.
The mule is an example of hybrid vigor.[10] Charles Darwin wrote: "The mule always appears to me a most surprising animal. That a hybrid should possess more reason, memory, obstinacy, social affection, powers of muscular endurance, and length of life, than either of its parents, seems to indicate that art has here outdone nature."[11]
The mule inherits from its sire the traits of intelligence, sure-footedness, toughness, endurance, disposition, and natural cautiousness. From its dam it inherits speed, conformation, and agility.[12]:5–6,8 Mules exhibit a higher cognitive intelligence than their parent species. This is also believed to be the result of hybrid vigor, similar to how mules acquire greater height and endurance than either parent.[13]
Handlers of working animals generally find mules preferable to horses: mules show more patience under the pressure of heavy weights, and their skin is harder and less sensitive than that of horses, rendering them more capable of resisting sun and rain. Their hooves are harder than horses', and they show a natural resistance to disease and insects. Many North American farmers with clay soil found mules superior as plow animals.
A mule does not sound exactly like a donkey or a horse. Instead, a mule makes a sound that is similar to a donkey's but also has the whinnying characteristics of a horse (often starts with a whinny, ends in a hee-haw). Mules sometimes whimper.
A mule is the offspring of a male donkey (jack) and a female horse (mare).[1][2] Horses and donkeys are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes. Of the two F1 hybrids (first generation hybrids) between these two species, a mule is easier to obtain than a hinny, which is the offspring of a female donkey (jenny) and a male horse (stallion).
The size of a mule and work to which it is put depend largely on the breeding of the mule's female parent (dam). Mules can be lightweight, medium weight, or when produced from draft horse mares, of moderately heavy weight.[3]:85–87 Mules are more patient, hardy and long-lived than horses, and are less obstinate and more intelligent than donkeys.[4]:5
Handlers of working animals generally find mules preferable to horses: mules show more patience under the pressure of heavy weights, and their skin is harder and less sensitive than that of horses, rendering them more capable of resisting sun and rain. Their hooves are harder than horses', and they show a natural resistance to disease and insects. Many North American farmers with clay soil found mules superior as plow animals.
