Mzee Mwanakijiji
Platinum Member
- Mar 10, 2006
- 33,476
- 39,995
Wakati wa kuvunjika kwa nchi za kijamaa ni ujamaa uliolaumiwa kwa matatizo ya kiuchumi ya nchi hizo. Wasomi wa Kimagharibi na wale wa nchi za kijamaa wenye mrengo wa kimagharibi walibebesha lawama mfumo wa ujamaa kuwa "umeshindwa" kuleta matumaini kwa wake. Ujamaa ulikosolewa kama ni mfumo wa njozi "utopia" wenyewe walisema. Nyerere aliwahi hata kuulizwa ni kwa namna gani "ujamaa ulishindwa" na yeye alijibu kuwa "utashindwa vipi wakati haujajalibiwa"?
Hivyo, nchi zilizofuata siasa za kijamaa - wa aina mbalimbali kuanzia Yugoslavia, Urusi, Vietnam na Tanzania zilibezwa na kweli baadhi ya wasomi wa nchi hizo waliaminishwa kuwa tatizo lilikuwa ujamaa kuwa ni mfumo usiotekelezeka. Tuliambiwa kuwa "the state" haiwezi kuendesha uchumi, na kuwa uchumi sahihi ni ule unaondeshwa na "nguvu ya soko". Wasomi wetu wakaandika nadharia za ubinafsishaji na kwa haraka - kwenye nchi kama ya kwetu - tukaanza kubinafsisha kila kitu kilichokuwa chetu.
Hivyo kwa karibu miongo miwili ujamaa ulipuuzwa na kubezwa na kubebeshwa lawama ya matatizo ya nchi za kijamaa. Watu waliambiwa kuwa ujamaa ni mzuri vitabuni lakini ikija kwenye kuutekeleza ujamaa hautekelezeki. Matokeo yake ni kuwa kikaja kizazi cha wanasiasa ambao walikuwa ni waumini wa Ubepari. Wanasiasa na wasomi (intellectuals) wa zama hizi wakawa ndio watetezi wa mfumo huu mpya wa "soko huria". Hawa walitueleza uzuri wa "ushindani" na uzuri wa serikali kukaa pembeni na kuacha soko liamue.
Matokeo yake hata vyama vya kijamaa kama CCM vikabadili mifumo yao na kukumbatia ubepari. Tena viliukumbatia hata bila kuukosoa kisomi (without intellectual criticism). Ni kana kwamba wasomi wote waliokuwa CCM wenye uwezo wa kufikiria na wengine maprofesa wakubwa tu walikalishwa chini na makuwadi wa ubepari na kuambiwa kuwa wasitumie ubongo wao kufikiri. Wanasiasa wake waliokuwa wanaamini katika ujamaa wa Nyerere wakausaliti kwa kukumbatia ubepari. Wakaanza kutuaminisha kabisa kuwa ni ubepari ndio utainua maisha ya watu wetu. Wakakaa Zanzibar wakavunja vunja misingi ya ubepari na wakauleta Ubepari tena walijaribu kuachilia kidogo lakini klichokuwa kilikuwa ni mafuriko.
Lakini leo hii Tanzania inafuata mfumo wa ubepari na watu hawafurahii. Maskini wa Tanzania hawajainuka na kuanza kufurahia ubepari. Hatusikii watu wakiimbia nyimbo za kuusifia mfumo huu. Kuna uwezekano mkubwa tu kuwa aliyekuwa maskini ameendelea kuwa maskini na aliyekuwa ana nafasi kidogo ya kufanikiwa ameendelea kuwa na nafasi hiyo na wale waliokuwa na nafasi zaidi za kufanikiwa wameendelea kufanikiwa. Ubepari unaonekana haujawa suluhisho la matatizo yetu.
Lakini siyo kwetu tu. Nchi karibu zote ambazo zimekuwa zikifuata Ubepari kwa miongo kadha wa kadha leo ziko kwenye matatizo. Kuanzia Marekani, Ureno, Uingereza, Italia, Ubelgiji, Ugiriki n.k zimejikuta katika kile ambacho wenyewe wamekiita "global economic crisis". Lakini kitu pekee ambacho kinaunganisha nchi zote ambazo zimekuwa na tatizo hili zaidi ni - you guessed it - ubepari.
Lakini ubepari hausemwi kuwa ndio chanzo. Kwamba vikolombwezo vya ubepari (features of capitalism) vimechangia kusababisha matatizo kama ilivyokuwa katika ujamaa. Wakati ujamaa ulilaumiwa kwa kuingiza serikali sana kwenye mambo ya uchumi leo hhii serikali hiyo hiyo inaitwa kufanya mengi kwenye mambo ya uchumi kinyume kabisa na roho ya ubepari - ambayo ni ubinafsi. Wakati katika ujamaa serikali zilikataliwa kutoa ruzuku kwa viwanda na biashara mbalimbali - na kwenye kama ya kwetu tulikubali bila kuhoji; wenzetu wanatarajiwa kutoa ruzuku hadi kwenye viwanda vyao vya magari, mabenki n.k ili kuvinusuru.
Wakati nchi kama ya kwetu ilibezwa kwa kuwa na mfumo wa afya bure kwa wote na kuhakikisha kuwa kila mtu anayetaka elimu anaipata na matokeo yake wasomi wetu wakabuni mfumo wa "kuchangia" gharama ya za afya na elimu kwenye nchi za ubepari baadhi ya vitu hivi vinaendelea kutolewa bure au kwa bei ya chini sana kiasi kwamba ukilinganisha na nchi za kwetu utaona kuwa wananchi wetu wanalipia gharama ya juu sana za ya afya na elimu kutoka katika umaskini wao.
Nimebakia kujiuliza:
a. Je matatizo ya uchumi ya dunia ya leo hii yanaweza kuangaliwa pasipo kuangalia the fundamentals of a capitalist system?
b. Ubepari kama mfumo na jinsi tunavyoufuata utatuwezesha kweli kuondoka na umaskini?
c. Chukulia mfano chama cha MMD cha Zambia ambacho kiliingia kukiondoa chama chenye mrengo wa kisoshalist cha Kaunda. MMD iliingia ikiwa na ahadi za mabadiliko makubwa ya kiuchumi na sera za kibepari. Lakini leo kimekataliwa kwa nini?
d. Je Tanzania inao wasomi wenye uwezo wa kuukosoa Ubepari bila kuogopa matokeo ya ukosoaji huo kwa wanasiasa?
e. Je kuna wasomi wanaoweza kufanya kile ambacho Nyerere alikiita "a new sythesis" ya mfumo wa uchumi ambayo itaangalia mazuri ya Ubepari na Ujamaa na kujaribu kupendekeza mfumo bora utakaoendana na maisha yetu kama Waafrika?
f. Je wapo wanasiasa ambao wanaweza kusimama wazi na kuukosoa mfumo wa ubepari tunaojaribu kuujenga TAnzania bila kuogopa matokeo yake?
g. Je vijana wetu wanaopitia kwenye vyuo vyetu vikuu - wanaosoma falsafa, political science or what have you - wanauwezo wa kufanya ukkosoaji wa mifumo hii ya uchumi au vipengele vyake bila kuonekana "wajamaa"?
h. Je yawezekana Tanzania bado inayo nafasi ya kuwa na chama cha siasa ambacho kitakuwa kinamwelekeo wa kisoshalisti uliokosolewa sawasawa na hivyo kuendana na zama hizi za sasa za kisiasa na kiuchumi duniani?
ANGALIA HABARI HII:
[h=1]The battle of Broadway: Protesters clash with police as officers make 80 arrests during anti-capitalist march in Manhattan[/h] By Daily Mail Reporter
Last updated at 4:56 AM on 25th September 2011
Anti-capitalist protesters clashed with police in New York yesterday after beginning an impromptu march up one of the city's most famous streets.
Police officers were accused of using overly-aggressive tactics as they battled to control the quick-moving demonstrators who left their camp near Wall Street to march up Broadway.
Scores of 'Occupy Wall Street' demonstrators were arrested, cuffed with plastic tags and dragged on to sidewalks. One video showing a protester thrown to the floor by an officer with little provocation.
Scroll down for video
Arrested: Day #8 of the "Occupy Wall Street" protest, hundreds of protesters armed with signs and sleeping bags continued their Arab Spring-style public space occupation protest.
Out: After sleeping for a seventh night in a nearby public square, Zuccotti Park (formerly called Liberty Plaza Park), the group marched on Wall Street
Some protesters were calling: 'Banks got bailed out, we got sold out' and calling shoppers to join them. At least 80 protesters connected with the protest were held near Union Square in Manhattan.
Protesters have been campedin Wall Street since last Saturday - sleeping on cardboard boxes, eating pizza and takeaway dinners that were paid for by donations to their cause.
There are around 200 left in the makeshift camp, down from their peak of 1,500.
'They're angry at what's going on in the world,' said Rich Marini, 37, a software writer from Great Kills whohas been taking part in the protest.
[h=4]More...[/h]
'But it's a good atmosphere. They have a sense of love with each other.'
Mr Marini said the protest is driven by the fact that college kids are graduating only to find there are no jobs. 'They're putting the pieces together,' he added. 'And Wall Street is the main focus of that.'
The 'Occupy Wall Street' protest is entering its second week. Demonstrators said they are protesting bank bailouts, the mortgage crisis and now the U.S. state of Georgia's execution of Troy Davis.
Mix: Marchers represented various causes both political and economic
Protest: The group marched on Wall Street, forcing police to close some streets, disrupting financial workers' commute, then onto Union Square
At Union Square, police tried to corral the demonstrators using orange plastic netting. Some of the arrests were filmed and activists posted the videos online.
Police say the arrests were mostly for blocking traffic. Charges include disorderly conduct and resisting arrest.
But one demonstrator was charged with assaulting a police officer. Police say the officer involved suffered a shoulder injury.
Protest spokesman Patrick Bruner criticised the police response as 'exceedingly violent' and said the protesters sought to remain peaceful.
Nowhere: Protest spokesman Patrick Bruner criticized the police response as 'exceedingly violent' and said the protesters sought to remain peaceful
West Brighton resident Richard Reichard, who works just above Wall Street, said it's important to remind Americans that it was the financial services industry that plunged the U.S. into recession.
'And government was asleep at the switch,' he said.
A barricade was set up to protect the NYSE building as protesters marched past it. Police watched proceedings carefully after a scuffle on Tuesday that led to seven arrests and an injured protester.
Four more protesters were arrested Wednesday for disorderly conduct and released. Mr Marini said the NYPD has been 'rough' with the protesters.
'They're picking off people they can arrest for any little thing,' he claimed.
Hivyo, nchi zilizofuata siasa za kijamaa - wa aina mbalimbali kuanzia Yugoslavia, Urusi, Vietnam na Tanzania zilibezwa na kweli baadhi ya wasomi wa nchi hizo waliaminishwa kuwa tatizo lilikuwa ujamaa kuwa ni mfumo usiotekelezeka. Tuliambiwa kuwa "the state" haiwezi kuendesha uchumi, na kuwa uchumi sahihi ni ule unaondeshwa na "nguvu ya soko". Wasomi wetu wakaandika nadharia za ubinafsishaji na kwa haraka - kwenye nchi kama ya kwetu - tukaanza kubinafsisha kila kitu kilichokuwa chetu.
Hivyo kwa karibu miongo miwili ujamaa ulipuuzwa na kubezwa na kubebeshwa lawama ya matatizo ya nchi za kijamaa. Watu waliambiwa kuwa ujamaa ni mzuri vitabuni lakini ikija kwenye kuutekeleza ujamaa hautekelezeki. Matokeo yake ni kuwa kikaja kizazi cha wanasiasa ambao walikuwa ni waumini wa Ubepari. Wanasiasa na wasomi (intellectuals) wa zama hizi wakawa ndio watetezi wa mfumo huu mpya wa "soko huria". Hawa walitueleza uzuri wa "ushindani" na uzuri wa serikali kukaa pembeni na kuacha soko liamue.
Matokeo yake hata vyama vya kijamaa kama CCM vikabadili mifumo yao na kukumbatia ubepari. Tena viliukumbatia hata bila kuukosoa kisomi (without intellectual criticism). Ni kana kwamba wasomi wote waliokuwa CCM wenye uwezo wa kufikiria na wengine maprofesa wakubwa tu walikalishwa chini na makuwadi wa ubepari na kuambiwa kuwa wasitumie ubongo wao kufikiri. Wanasiasa wake waliokuwa wanaamini katika ujamaa wa Nyerere wakausaliti kwa kukumbatia ubepari. Wakaanza kutuaminisha kabisa kuwa ni ubepari ndio utainua maisha ya watu wetu. Wakakaa Zanzibar wakavunja vunja misingi ya ubepari na wakauleta Ubepari tena walijaribu kuachilia kidogo lakini klichokuwa kilikuwa ni mafuriko.
Lakini leo hii Tanzania inafuata mfumo wa ubepari na watu hawafurahii. Maskini wa Tanzania hawajainuka na kuanza kufurahia ubepari. Hatusikii watu wakiimbia nyimbo za kuusifia mfumo huu. Kuna uwezekano mkubwa tu kuwa aliyekuwa maskini ameendelea kuwa maskini na aliyekuwa ana nafasi kidogo ya kufanikiwa ameendelea kuwa na nafasi hiyo na wale waliokuwa na nafasi zaidi za kufanikiwa wameendelea kufanikiwa. Ubepari unaonekana haujawa suluhisho la matatizo yetu.
Lakini siyo kwetu tu. Nchi karibu zote ambazo zimekuwa zikifuata Ubepari kwa miongo kadha wa kadha leo ziko kwenye matatizo. Kuanzia Marekani, Ureno, Uingereza, Italia, Ubelgiji, Ugiriki n.k zimejikuta katika kile ambacho wenyewe wamekiita "global economic crisis". Lakini kitu pekee ambacho kinaunganisha nchi zote ambazo zimekuwa na tatizo hili zaidi ni - you guessed it - ubepari.
Lakini ubepari hausemwi kuwa ndio chanzo. Kwamba vikolombwezo vya ubepari (features of capitalism) vimechangia kusababisha matatizo kama ilivyokuwa katika ujamaa. Wakati ujamaa ulilaumiwa kwa kuingiza serikali sana kwenye mambo ya uchumi leo hhii serikali hiyo hiyo inaitwa kufanya mengi kwenye mambo ya uchumi kinyume kabisa na roho ya ubepari - ambayo ni ubinafsi. Wakati katika ujamaa serikali zilikataliwa kutoa ruzuku kwa viwanda na biashara mbalimbali - na kwenye kama ya kwetu tulikubali bila kuhoji; wenzetu wanatarajiwa kutoa ruzuku hadi kwenye viwanda vyao vya magari, mabenki n.k ili kuvinusuru.
Wakati nchi kama ya kwetu ilibezwa kwa kuwa na mfumo wa afya bure kwa wote na kuhakikisha kuwa kila mtu anayetaka elimu anaipata na matokeo yake wasomi wetu wakabuni mfumo wa "kuchangia" gharama ya za afya na elimu kwenye nchi za ubepari baadhi ya vitu hivi vinaendelea kutolewa bure au kwa bei ya chini sana kiasi kwamba ukilinganisha na nchi za kwetu utaona kuwa wananchi wetu wanalipia gharama ya juu sana za ya afya na elimu kutoka katika umaskini wao.
Nimebakia kujiuliza:
a. Je matatizo ya uchumi ya dunia ya leo hii yanaweza kuangaliwa pasipo kuangalia the fundamentals of a capitalist system?
b. Ubepari kama mfumo na jinsi tunavyoufuata utatuwezesha kweli kuondoka na umaskini?
c. Chukulia mfano chama cha MMD cha Zambia ambacho kiliingia kukiondoa chama chenye mrengo wa kisoshalist cha Kaunda. MMD iliingia ikiwa na ahadi za mabadiliko makubwa ya kiuchumi na sera za kibepari. Lakini leo kimekataliwa kwa nini?
d. Je Tanzania inao wasomi wenye uwezo wa kuukosoa Ubepari bila kuogopa matokeo ya ukosoaji huo kwa wanasiasa?
e. Je kuna wasomi wanaoweza kufanya kile ambacho Nyerere alikiita "a new sythesis" ya mfumo wa uchumi ambayo itaangalia mazuri ya Ubepari na Ujamaa na kujaribu kupendekeza mfumo bora utakaoendana na maisha yetu kama Waafrika?
f. Je wapo wanasiasa ambao wanaweza kusimama wazi na kuukosoa mfumo wa ubepari tunaojaribu kuujenga TAnzania bila kuogopa matokeo yake?
g. Je vijana wetu wanaopitia kwenye vyuo vyetu vikuu - wanaosoma falsafa, political science or what have you - wanauwezo wa kufanya ukkosoaji wa mifumo hii ya uchumi au vipengele vyake bila kuonekana "wajamaa"?
h. Je yawezekana Tanzania bado inayo nafasi ya kuwa na chama cha siasa ambacho kitakuwa kinamwelekeo wa kisoshalisti uliokosolewa sawasawa na hivyo kuendana na zama hizi za sasa za kisiasa na kiuchumi duniani?
ANGALIA HABARI HII:
[h=1]The battle of Broadway: Protesters clash with police as officers make 80 arrests during anti-capitalist march in Manhattan[/h] By Daily Mail Reporter
Last updated at 4:56 AM on 25th September 2011
Anti-capitalist protesters clashed with police in New York yesterday after beginning an impromptu march up one of the city's most famous streets.
Police officers were accused of using overly-aggressive tactics as they battled to control the quick-moving demonstrators who left their camp near Wall Street to march up Broadway.
Scores of 'Occupy Wall Street' demonstrators were arrested, cuffed with plastic tags and dragged on to sidewalks. One video showing a protester thrown to the floor by an officer with little provocation.
Scroll down for video
Some protesters were calling: 'Banks got bailed out, we got sold out' and calling shoppers to join them. At least 80 protesters connected with the protest were held near Union Square in Manhattan.
Protesters have been campedin Wall Street since last Saturday - sleeping on cardboard boxes, eating pizza and takeaway dinners that were paid for by donations to their cause.
There are around 200 left in the makeshift camp, down from their peak of 1,500.
'They're angry at what's going on in the world,' said Rich Marini, 37, a software writer from Great Kills whohas been taking part in the protest.
[h=4]More...[/h]
'But it's a good atmosphere. They have a sense of love with each other.'
Mr Marini said the protest is driven by the fact that college kids are graduating only to find there are no jobs. 'They're putting the pieces together,' he added. 'And Wall Street is the main focus of that.'
The 'Occupy Wall Street' protest is entering its second week. Demonstrators said they are protesting bank bailouts, the mortgage crisis and now the U.S. state of Georgia's execution of Troy Davis.
At Union Square, police tried to corral the demonstrators using orange plastic netting. Some of the arrests were filmed and activists posted the videos online.
Police say the arrests were mostly for blocking traffic. Charges include disorderly conduct and resisting arrest.
But one demonstrator was charged with assaulting a police officer. Police say the officer involved suffered a shoulder injury.
Protest spokesman Patrick Bruner criticised the police response as 'exceedingly violent' and said the protesters sought to remain peaceful.
West Brighton resident Richard Reichard, who works just above Wall Street, said it's important to remind Americans that it was the financial services industry that plunged the U.S. into recession.
'And government was asleep at the switch,' he said.
A barricade was set up to protect the NYSE building as protesters marched past it. Police watched proceedings carefully after a scuffle on Tuesday that led to seven arrests and an injured protester.
Four more protesters were arrested Wednesday for disorderly conduct and released. Mr Marini said the NYPD has been 'rough' with the protesters.
'They're picking off people they can arrest for any little thing,' he claimed.