Synthesizer
JF-Expert Member
- Feb 15, 2010
- 11,143
- 18,774
Ndege za leo zimetengenezwa kwa namna ambayo ni ya kisasa sana kwa kutumia mfumo wa kumpyuta (automation) kiasi cha kwamba inazidi kudhihirika kwamba hili sasa linakuwa tatizo kwa ma-pilot wengi na hata kusababisha ndege kuanguka.
Kimsingi, kwa ndege za siku hizi pilot huwa ana kazi kidogo sana, zaidi kazi yake ni kukaa na kuhakikisha kila kitu kinaenda sawa kwa kuangalia geji zilizopo kwenye chumba ha marubani. Kazi ya pilot inakuja wakati wa kutua na kupaa, kwa dakika chache sana. Wakati wa kupaa, akishaacha ardhi basi anaiweka ndege kwenye auto-pilot kiasi kwamba ndege inajiendesha yenyewe. Ndege tayari inakuwa na program ya wapi inaenda, na direction ya kufuata, hata wapi itakata kona. Kimsingi kuna ndege zinaendeshwa kwa kutumia key board kama ya computer, unachofanya unaingiza data na ndege inafuata, hata kitu kama kukata kona itakapofika mahali fulani. Sehemu chache sana, kwa mfano kukwepa mawingu ya dhoruba, pilot anaweza kuiendesha kabla ya kuirudisha tena kwenye auto-pilot.
Matokeao ni kwamba ma-pilot wengi wamekuwa wanashindwa la kufanya pale ndege inapopatata tatizo au mfumo wa auto-pilot unakuwa na hitilafu. Ni kwamba kuendesha ndege kwa mfumo wa komputer kunawafanya ma-pilot wasiwe na uwezo wa kuendesha ndege au kutojua la kufanya kukitokea tatizo angani.Sasa hili linaonekana kuwa limechangia kuanguka ndege ya Ethiopian Airways ya Boeing 737 Max. Ni wazi kwamba mfumo wa computa wa hizi ndege za Boeing 737-Max una matatizo, lakini kwa pilot makini tatizo la mfumo huu sio la kuangusha ndege.
Mapiloti kadhaa wameripoti kwamba walipata tatizo kama la ndege ya Ethiopian Airways muda mfupi baada ya kupaa walipoiweka ndege kwenye mfumo wa auto pilot. Wanasema baada ya kufanya hivyo ndege iligeuka na kuannza kwenda chini. Lakini wao wanasema walipoona hivyo waliiondoa ndege toka mfumo wa auto-pilot na kuiendesha wenyewe na hivyo kuepuka ajali.
Pilot aliyeendesha ndege ya Indonesia ya Boeing 737-Max kabla haijaanguka, alitoa taarifa kwamba na yeye alikumbana na hilo tatizo la ndege kuanza kuelekea chini baada ya kuiweka kwenye auto-pilot. Alipoona hilo tatizo aliirudisha haraka kwenye manual control na kurekebisha muelekeo wa ndege na kuendelea na safari bila tatizo. Alisema aliliripoti hili tatizo.
Sasa kumbe basi, kuna mapilot ambao mfumo wa auto-pilot ukiwa na tatizo wanashindwa kabisa kuiendesha ndege wenyewe. Sasa suala la kujiuliza ni kwamba, ma-pilot wetu wa Dreamliner, wana uzoefu wa kutosha wa kuendesha hiyo ndege ya kisasa sana kwenye manual control au nao wamejikita zaidi kwenye kutegemea mfumo wake wa computer na auto-pilot?
Maoni ya pilot mmoja mzoefu na mfumo wa automatic wa ndege za kisasa ni kwamba;
Pilots need to practise their flying technique. If they would always fly autopilot, they would lose the skills to fly. Skills that they need when the autopilot does fail. There are phases of flight where it is better or even required to let the autopilot do its job, but landing is one the things pilot are allowed to and need to be capable of doing themselves.
Ethiopian Airlines pilot 'reported flight control problems before crash'
It has emerged pilots on at least two US flights last year filed safety concerns about the aircraft after its nose tilted suddenly down when they engaged the autopilot.
The pilots’ reports were filed in a database compiled by Nasa and do not publicly reveal the airlines or locations.
On one flight, the co-pilot said the nose pitched downwards and the plane began descending at 1,200-1,500ft per minute before the the captain disconnected the autopilot.
Another pilot complained that Boeing had not explained changes to the plane’s automatic functions, describing the flight manual as “inadequate and almost criminally insufficient”.
Kimsingi, kwa ndege za siku hizi pilot huwa ana kazi kidogo sana, zaidi kazi yake ni kukaa na kuhakikisha kila kitu kinaenda sawa kwa kuangalia geji zilizopo kwenye chumba ha marubani. Kazi ya pilot inakuja wakati wa kutua na kupaa, kwa dakika chache sana. Wakati wa kupaa, akishaacha ardhi basi anaiweka ndege kwenye auto-pilot kiasi kwamba ndege inajiendesha yenyewe. Ndege tayari inakuwa na program ya wapi inaenda, na direction ya kufuata, hata wapi itakata kona. Kimsingi kuna ndege zinaendeshwa kwa kutumia key board kama ya computer, unachofanya unaingiza data na ndege inafuata, hata kitu kama kukata kona itakapofika mahali fulani. Sehemu chache sana, kwa mfano kukwepa mawingu ya dhoruba, pilot anaweza kuiendesha kabla ya kuirudisha tena kwenye auto-pilot.
Matokeao ni kwamba ma-pilot wengi wamekuwa wanashindwa la kufanya pale ndege inapopatata tatizo au mfumo wa auto-pilot unakuwa na hitilafu. Ni kwamba kuendesha ndege kwa mfumo wa komputer kunawafanya ma-pilot wasiwe na uwezo wa kuendesha ndege au kutojua la kufanya kukitokea tatizo angani.Sasa hili linaonekana kuwa limechangia kuanguka ndege ya Ethiopian Airways ya Boeing 737 Max. Ni wazi kwamba mfumo wa computa wa hizi ndege za Boeing 737-Max una matatizo, lakini kwa pilot makini tatizo la mfumo huu sio la kuangusha ndege.
Mapiloti kadhaa wameripoti kwamba walipata tatizo kama la ndege ya Ethiopian Airways muda mfupi baada ya kupaa walipoiweka ndege kwenye mfumo wa auto pilot. Wanasema baada ya kufanya hivyo ndege iligeuka na kuannza kwenda chini. Lakini wao wanasema walipoona hivyo waliiondoa ndege toka mfumo wa auto-pilot na kuiendesha wenyewe na hivyo kuepuka ajali.
Pilot aliyeendesha ndege ya Indonesia ya Boeing 737-Max kabla haijaanguka, alitoa taarifa kwamba na yeye alikumbana na hilo tatizo la ndege kuanza kuelekea chini baada ya kuiweka kwenye auto-pilot. Alipoona hilo tatizo aliirudisha haraka kwenye manual control na kurekebisha muelekeo wa ndege na kuendelea na safari bila tatizo. Alisema aliliripoti hili tatizo.
Sasa kumbe basi, kuna mapilot ambao mfumo wa auto-pilot ukiwa na tatizo wanashindwa kabisa kuiendesha ndege wenyewe. Sasa suala la kujiuliza ni kwamba, ma-pilot wetu wa Dreamliner, wana uzoefu wa kutosha wa kuendesha hiyo ndege ya kisasa sana kwenye manual control au nao wamejikita zaidi kwenye kutegemea mfumo wake wa computer na auto-pilot?
Maoni ya pilot mmoja mzoefu na mfumo wa automatic wa ndege za kisasa ni kwamba;
Pilots need to practise their flying technique. If they would always fly autopilot, they would lose the skills to fly. Skills that they need when the autopilot does fail. There are phases of flight where it is better or even required to let the autopilot do its job, but landing is one the things pilot are allowed to and need to be capable of doing themselves.
Ethiopian Airlines pilot 'reported flight control problems before crash'
It has emerged pilots on at least two US flights last year filed safety concerns about the aircraft after its nose tilted suddenly down when they engaged the autopilot.
The pilots’ reports were filed in a database compiled by Nasa and do not publicly reveal the airlines or locations.
On one flight, the co-pilot said the nose pitched downwards and the plane began descending at 1,200-1,500ft per minute before the the captain disconnected the autopilot.
Another pilot complained that Boeing had not explained changes to the plane’s automatic functions, describing the flight manual as “inadequate and almost criminally insufficient”.
