Kilimo cha zao la Ufuta: Masoko, Mbinu na Ushauri Toka kwa Wadau

[Safari_ni_Safari]

KILIMO BORA CHA UFUTA

Ufuta (sesamum indicum) ni zao linalolimwa kwa wingi katika mikoa ya Lindi, Mtwara, Ruvuma, Pwani, Morogoro, Dodoma, Tanga na ukanda wa chini katika mikoa ya Rukwa na Mbeya. Zao hili hulimwa kwa ajili ya chakula na biashara. Mbegu za zao hili huwa na wastani wa mafuta kiasi cha asilimia 45.

MAMBO YA KUZINGATIA WA KATI WA KUZALISHA MBEGU

- Chagua aina ya mbegu inayotoa mazao mengi na bora, inayovumilia mashambulizi ya magonjwa na wadudu, inayokomaa mapema na kutoa mafuta mengi.

- Chagua mbegu inayokomaa kwa pamoja ili kurahisisha uvunaji na pia kuepuka upotevu wa zao shambani.

- Aina nyeupe ya mbegu ya ufuta hupendelewa zaidi kuliko aina nyeusi.

MBOLEA
Ufuta unahitaji rutuba ya kutosha ili kutoa mazao bora. Katika kudumisha rutuba ya udongo, tumia kilimo cha mzunguko wa mazao au weka mbolea za asili pale inapobidi.

PALIZI
Dhibiti magugu kwa kupalilia ili kuruhusu ufuta kutumia vizuri unyevu na virutubishi. Magugu mengine huwa ni maficho ya wadudu waharibifu wa zao la ufuta.

MAGONJWA NA WADUDU
Ufuta hushambuliwa na magonjwa na wadudu mbalimbali ambao huweza kusababisha upungufu na ubora wa mazao. Hivyo kagua shamba mara kwa mara hasa kwenye maua na mapodo ili kuona dalili za mashambulizi. Endapo kuna dalili zamashambulizi, chukua tahadhari mapema kabla ya uharibifu mkubwa haujatokea.

MAANDALIZI KABLA YA KUVUNAKAGUA SHAMBA

• Kagua shamba kuona kama ufuta umekomaa.
• Ufuta hukomaa, kati ya miezi mitatu na minne tangu kupanda kutegemea aina.
• Aina ya ufuta usiokuwa na matawi hukomaa mapema kuliko ile yenye matawi.
• Ni muhimu kuwahi kuvuna ili kuepuka ufuta kupukutikia shambani.

DALILI ZA KUKOMAA UFUTA SHAMBANI
- Kwa kawaida majani hubadilika rangi kutoka kijani na kuwa ya manjano na hatimaye kudondoka.

- Mashina hubadilika rangi kutoka kijani na kuwa ya kahawia.

VIFAA VYA KUVUNIA

• Kamba
• Siko
• Panga

VIFAA VYA KUKAUSHIA

• Sehemu ya kukaushia yenye Sakafu ya saruji
• Maturubai
• Sakafu safi

USAFIRI

• Mikokoteni
• Matela ya matrekta
• Magari

KUVUNA
- Vuna ufuta mapema kabla mapodo kukomaa sana na kuanza kupasuka na kuachia punje.Mapodo ya ufuta yaliyokomaa sana yakiguswa au kutikiswa na upepo hupasuka na kuachia mbegu, hali inayosababisha upotevu mkubwa.

- Mbegu za ufuta ni ndogo na zikidondoka chini ni vigumu kuziokota. Vilevile mbegu zilizodondoka ni vigumu kuzitenganisha na uchafu.

- Uvunaji wa ufuta huhusisha ukataji wa mimea yenye mapodo kwa kutumia vyombo vya mkono kama panga kwa kukata mashina.

- Kwa aina za ufuta zenye mapodo yanayopasuka, uvunaji ufanyike wakati mimea bado ni kijani ili kuepuka upotevu wa mbegu.

- Aidha uvunaji ufanyike wakati hakuna upepo wala jua kali.

- Baada ya kukata mashina yafunge katika mizigo midogo na kuweka katika vyombo vya kusafirisha kama vile mikokoteni, matela au magari hadi sehemu ya kukaushia.

- Panga mizigo midogo kwa kusimamisha katika malundo madogo yasiyozidi mizigo minane kwenye sehemu safi za kukaushia.

KUKAUSHA
Mapodo ya ufuta hukaushwa yakiwa yamefungwa katika vitita. Vitita huwekwa kwa kuegeshwa kwenye fremu ya kukaushia kwa muda wa wiki mbili hadi tatu kutegemea hali ya hewa. Fremu hii huwekwa juu ya turubai au sakafu ili kuzuia upotevu wa punje kutokana na kupasuka kwa mapodo.

KUPURA
Upuraji hufanyika kwenye turubai, mkeka au kwenye sakafu safi.

- Vitita hupigwa taratibu kwa kutumia mti au hutikiswa vikiwa vimegeuzwa vichwa chini ili kuruhusu punje za ufuta kudondoka kwenye sakafu safi au turubai.

KUPEPETA NA KUPEMBUA
Kupepeta na kupembua hufanywa ili kuondoa takataka kama vile mawe, vipande vya mapodo,vijiti na vumbi.Njia bora ya kupepeta na kupembua ni kwa kutumia mikono.

- Ufuta huwekwa kwenye vyombo kama vile ungo kwa kiasi cha kilo mbili hadi tatu. Ufuta hurushwa hewani kwa kasi ndogo na takataka nyepesi huchukuliwa na upepo. Zile nzito huondolewa kwa mikono.

KUFUNGASHA
Mbegu za ufuta zilizo safi huwekwa kwenye vifungashio kama vile magunia madogo ya aina ya juti ya ujazo wa kilo 50.

- Fungasha mbegu za ufuta kwenye magunia yenye uzito usiozidi kilo 50. Kabla ya kufungasha hakikisha mbegu zimekauka hadi kufikia unyevu wa asilimia 10.

KUHIFADHI

• Panga magunia ya ufuta juu ya chaga.
• Panga kwa kupishanisha ili kuruhusu mzunguko wa hewa kati ya magunia.

KUSINDIKA MBEGU ZA UFUTA
Ufuta husindikwa kupata bidhaa ya mafuta ambayo hutumika katika mapishi mbalimbali. Mafuta hukamuliwa kwa kutumia njia za asili na kwa kutumia mashine.

Njia za asili zina ufanisi mdogo ukilinganisha na zile za kukamua kwa mashine, hivyo ni vyema kutumia mashine. Kuna mashine za aina mbili zinazotumika kukamua mafuta; mashine za mkono na zile zinazoendeshwa kwa injini au mota ya umeme. Mashine za mikono zinazotumika zaidi hapa nchini ni za aina ya daraja (Bridge press) na Ram.

KUKAMUA KWA MASHINE YA DARAJA
Mashine ya daraja ni moja ya mashine za kisasa zinazoweza kukamua mafuta ya ufuta. Mashine hizi huendeshwa kwa mikono na zina uwezo wa kukamua mafuta kwa asilimia 68 hadi 72.

Inaweza kukamua kilo 25 za ufuta kwa saa moja. Ili kupata ufanisi mzuri wa mashine hii, ni muhimu ufuta uwe na unyevu wa kati ya asilimia 11 na 13. Iwapo unyevu utakuwa chini ya kiwango hicho inashauriwa kunyunyizi maji kwenye ufuta kabla ya kukamua.

VIFAA VYA KUKAMULIA MAFUTA

• Mashine ya daraja
• Sufuria - Vifungashio
• Mifuko midogo ya nguo au viroba vyenye upana wa sentimita 20 na urefu wa sentimita 20.
• Chombo cha kukinga mafuta.
• Chujio safi
• Lebo
• Lakiri Malighafi
• Mbegu za ufuta safi
• Maji safi

UKAMUAJI MAFUTA
- Nyunyuzia maji kidogo kwenye ufuta ili kuongeza unyevu kufikia asilimia 11 hadi 13. Mafuta hutoka vizuri kwenye kiwango hicho cha unyevu.

- Jaza ufuta kwenye vifuko vya nguo au viroba

- Vipange vifuko hivyo kwenye silinda na kuanza kuzungusha mhimili hadi mafuta yaanze kutoka kupitia matundu ya silinda.

- Acha kwa muda mafuta yaendelee kutoka kisha endelea kuzungusha mhimili hadi mafuta yaishe. Mhimili ukiacha kuzunguka ni dalili kuwa mafuta yamekwisha.

- Kusanya mafuta, chuja na fungasha kwenye chupa safi zilizochemshwa. Hakikisha chupa ni kavu na zina mifuniko.

• Weka lebo na lakiri
• Hifadhi mahali pakavu na pasipo na mwanga mkali.

MASHINE YA RAM
Mashine ya Ram ina uwezo wa kusindika kilo 7 za mbegu za ufuta kwa ufanisi wa asilimia 57%.Aina ya Ram (BP-30) ina uwezo wa kukamua lita 20 za mafuta kwa siku.

VIFAA

• Ndoo
• Mashine ya Ram
• Kichujio au kitmbaa safi
• Vifungashio safi

UKAMUAJI
- Anika mbegu za ufuta juani kwa kuzitandaza kwenye mabati ili zipate joto la kutosha.

- Lengo la kuanika mbegu juani ni kurahisisha ukamuaji wa mafuta.

- Jaza mbegu za ufuta kwenye mpare wa kulishia

- Funga wenzozuia (HANDLE)ili mbegu za ufuta zisitoke.

- Nyanyua wenzozuia mpaka juu ili kuruhusu mbegu za ufuta kuingia kwenye silinda.

- Shusha wenzozuia chini ili kuruhusu pistoni kusukuma mbegu za ufuta ziingie ndani ya eneo la shindilio

. - Nyanyua tena wenzozuia mpaka juu na kushusha na wakati huohuo ukiendelea kujaza mbegu za ufuta kwenye mpare wa kulishia. Wenzoinua ukiwa mzito ni dalili kuwa msukumo wa kutosha umejengeka. Msukumo huo utasababisha mafuta kutoka.

- Mafuta yanapoanza kutoka legeza wenzozuia ili kuruhusu mashudu kutoka.

- Chuja na hifadhi mafuta kwenye vyombo safi vyenye mifuniko vilivyochemshwa.

MATUMIZI
Mafuta ya ufuta hutumika katika mapishi mbalimbali ili kuongeza ladha. Pia husaidia kuleta nguvu na joto mwilini. Mbegu za ufuta huchanganywa na vyakula mbali mbali kama mikate, keki, mboga na kadhalika.

Kwa hisani ya mdau MITIKI -KILIMO KWANZA: KILIMO BORA CHA UFUTA

MICHANGO NA UZOEFU TOKA KWA WADAU​

Huu ndiyo Ufuta​

Ni zao linalostahimili baridi na hulimwa maeneo yasiyozidi mita 1500 juu ya usawa wa bahari.Mvua ni Kati ya milimita 400-500 ambazo hutosha kabisa kutoa mavuno Mengi.

AINA ZA MBEGU

Ziada 94,inakomaa Kwa siku 120-130 na inastahimili magonjwa.Ina uwezo wa kutoa mavuno zaidi ya kilo 1000 Kwa heka.

Nal 92, inakomaa Kwa siku 90-110 na inastahimili magonjwa hasa mabaka ya majani.Ina uwezo wa kutoa mavuno kiasi cha kilo 1200-1500 Kwa heka.

MAGONJWA NA NAMNA YA KUYAZUIA

Magonjwa makubwa ya UFUTA ni mabaka na ukungu kwenye majani.Magonjwa haya yasipozuiwa yatapukutisha majani na hivyo kusababisha Mazao kupungua.

KIZUIA

• Panda UFUTA mapema
• Tumia mboga zinazostahimili magonjwa Kama-Nal 92
• Ng'o mimea iliyoathirika
• Tumia kilimo cha mzunguko

Lindi 02 ndio mbegu 'the best choice' kwa sasa
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Nimefuatilia uzi huu kwa makini, na kuona mengi sana yameshazungumzwa kwakuwa na mimi kilimo ndiyo taaluma yangu nimeona niwasaidie wakulima humu kwa kujazia machache kwa kua mengi yalishasemwa mi nitajikita kidogo hapo kwenye upandaji kwanza niwaambie tu kwa wale mliopanda mbegu ya lindi 02, hiyo ndio mbegu 'the best choice' kwa sasa ambayo tunamshauri mkulima apande. Mbegu hii iliyofanyiwa utafiti na kituo cha utafiti cha kilimo Naliendele na kisha kua 'released' mwaka 2002 ina sifa zifuatazo

• Ni mbegu nyeupe zaid kuliko naliendele 92 na ziada 94
• Inamafuta meng kias cha 55%
• Haiendi juu sn kwa kimo
• Ina matawi kuanzia 5-7
• Pods zake inch moja had mbili
• Inakomaa mapema na kua tayar kuvunwa baada siku 100-110 (hivyo ni kama baada ya miez mitatu)
• Huvumilia ugonjwa wa madoa ya majan (leaf spot)

Tukija kwenye upandaji sasa

The commonly methods used

1) Drilling (kuchmba kjmferej)
2) Dibbling (kupga mashimo moja moja)
3) Broadcasting (kusambaza kwa kumwaga shambani)

Najua wengi hum ndani mshapanda ufuta na njia hizi hua mnazitumia sana kwa hiyo mnafaham, lakini katika zote hizo hapo juu nilizo zitaja hii njia ya kusambaza hua hatuishauri sababu haijakaa kitaalamu kwanza ni vigumu kukadiria spacing sababu mbegu na miche itakayotoka itakua imezagaa na hivyo hata kukadiria mavuno ni vigumu (yield estimation). The sowing depth of simsim is advised to be 2cm deep then 5-10 seeds are placed.

Spacing is 50cm mstar had mstar this is for dwarf varieties and
75cm mstar had mstar for tall varieties.
And 10cm toka shina moja la ufuta kwenda lingne!!
Mbegu hii ya lindi 02 is among dwarf varietis hivyo spacing yake yapasa iwe 50cm mstar had mstar wengne wanawekaga 60cm hata 65 kutegemeana na rutuba iliyopo kwenye udongo!

La mwisho kwa kuongezea mbegu za ufuta ni ndogo sana kwa maana ya punje zenyewe hivyo wakati mwingne ku-control usimwage nyingi kwenye shimo au kamfereji wakati wa kupanda tunashauri ni bora ukazichanganya na mchanga mf:-ukitumia kasufuria kupimia ufuta (wakati unataka uchanganye na mchanga) basi utaweka kisufuria hiko hiko cha mchanga mara nane yaani katika ratio ya 1:8

Makadirio ya mavuno ya ufuta kwa mbegu ya Lindi 02 tunategemea hadi 1500kg per ha (tan 1.5) na kwa ekari moja makadirio kuanzia 500kg-700kg under favourable conditions and good menagement.

Na kiasi cha mbegu unachotakiwa kupanda kwa ekari moja (seed rate) ni kuanzia 1kg-1.5kg
Najua pana wataalam wenzangu hum wengi tu na wakulima wazoef pia kama ninyi, hivyo mtajazia au kusahihisha

Karibuni mjadala uendelee!!

Kilimo kwa ujumla wake kinalipa sana, hii ikiwa ni pamoja na ufuta​

Kilimo kwa ujumla wake kinalipa sana, hii ikiwa ni pamoja na ufuta. Ila the good thing about kilimo ni kwamba utakuwa mtaalamu zaidi jinsi unavyozidi kulima, na unavyozidi kulima ndivyo utakavyojifunza jinsi gani ya kubana matumizi na kumaximize profit. Ufuta unalimwa sehemu mbali mbali ndani ya Tanzania yetu na soko kubwa la ufuta lipo Dar kwa wadosi. Kwahiyo jinsi unavyolima mbali na Dar ndivyo bei ya ufuta inavyozidi kuwa chini.

Nadhani na Arusha kuna wanunuzi wa ufuta pia Ufuta unashambuliwa na magonjwa mbalimbali pamoja na wadudu, itategemea na sehemu husika ambako utafanya kilimo chako cha ufuta. Kama utalima maeneo ya Rufiji unaweza kupambana na ukungu, magugu yanayotunza wadudu, panzi, etc.

Ila ukilima Arusha unaweza ukakutana na magonjwa tofauti kabisa na utakayokutana nayo Rufiji. Ndio maana nimesema utaendelea kupata uzoefu wa kilimo jinsi unavyozidi kulima. Kwa kuendelea kulima, utagundua wadudu wanaosumbua ufuta ni wadudu gani katika eneo husika na magonjwa yanayosumbua ufuta ni yapi. Pia utajua dawa gani ni bora zaidi katika kupambana na hayo magonjwa husika.Ila as a general rule ufuta haukui vizuri sehemu inayoweka (tuama) maji kwa muda mrefu.

Mbegu hufa au huzaa ufuta uliodumaa Soko la ufuta ni kubwa sana, ila ugumu wa ulimaji wake hufanya wakulima wengi wakimbie kilimo cha ufuta. Bei za ufuta hupanda takribani kila mwaka kutokana na uzalishaji kushindwa kukidhi mahitaji. Kama unaamua kuanza kufanya kilimo cha ufuta hakikisha unaajiri mkulima ambae ameshalima ufuta zaidi ya mara tatu katika shamba lake awe mshauri wako na msimamizi wa shamba.

Pia unaweza kuwatumia maafisa kilimo. Ila usianze in large scale, anza kidogo huku ukikua kwa vile utakuwa unajifunza. Kilimo kinalipa, ila kinahitaji courage na kutokukata tamaa Kabengwe.

Sesame Seed Market Report (Ripoti ya Soko la Ufuta)​

Hello Everyone,

Hope everyone had a great start to the New Year and we wish everyone a lot of Happiness , Joy and Prosperity.

Sesame Seed market over the past few months since our last report has moved along just as we predicted. The Hulled Sesame Seed Price jumped to an all time high of around $3200-3250 FOB levels and have since then settled down at around $2850-$2900 FOB levels.

What has indeed happened is the arrival of sub-standard qualities in the market which are trading at much lower levels but frankly speaking I personally wouldn't recommend anyone to eat that. In my 14 yrs in business its very rare that I have ever tried to ridicule or snub a competitor , what others do is none of my concern but when it comes to Sesame Seed laced with Chemical's, bleach and various whitening agents I think its my duty to make people at least aware about it. I never understood this fascination of pearly white color in the seeds anyways.

The cheaper variety or "Hulled Sesame Seed from Brown" as they call it, is being made from crushing grade Brown sesame ,just the brown/black/Red etc mix kinds was still acceptable but this year they are trying to hull the double skinned sesame , mainly found in West Bengal region of India, the worse kinds that is available, even the oil made from these seeds is considered lower grade and for direct consumption its almost as good as slow poison. As of now the food authorities around the world are not checking for chemical adulteration in Hulled Sesame but I am sure some day they will and then a lot of people will loose a lot of money in claims and God forbid will land up in jails for mis-declarations.

You can ask your respective suppliers more about it , just ask which raw material is being used for the Hulled that they are supplying to you and for once just ask them if its chemical and bleach free, you will be surprised how quickly the price offered will change. Its a dirty game being played in India so just be careful. I can understand if the price difference is 50-60$ PMT for a Hulled Sesame Quality , but a difference of $200-$300 raises suspicion. Something has to be wrong somewhere.

Moving onto better things , the Sesame Market overall.

Current Situation

1:- The markets are almost stable on a day to day basis over the past few weeks now. The arrivals have virtually stopped and the demand remains sluggish with mostly spot business being done.

2:- The stocks are definitely not huge , contrary to what many people think that there really is a lot of stocks hidden somewhere and one day the flood gates will open and all the sellers will come out with truck loads and markets will crash 20-30% overnight. I really doubt that. Being a manufacturer I have never really seen a situation as we see now. To buy 100 Mt a day in Jan is a big deal today , whereas in past we could collect a 1000 mt over the phone.

3:- The Korean's tried to play smart and announced a tender excluding their traditional suppliers ie. India, Pakistan , Sudan and Ethiopia. They thought the smaller countries should be brought into the picture to expand the supplier base , it did work but surely not the way they probably thought it would, the prices they got around $2550-$2600 was not really a huge bargain.

4:- Africa was the only reason we believed that could have brought the prices down, it did to a certain extent but once again our predictions from the past held true. Sesame is no longer a sub $2000 commodity. Unless something really drastic happens i doubt the Natural 99/1 grade can trade below $2000 levels this season i.e till next new crop in Oct 2014.

5:- Talking about the dip in demand and exports , a lot you will be surprised to know that the export numbers from India from Oct- Dec are only marginally down. If I have the correct numbers the total export from India for Oct-Dec stands at around 53,000 MT . That is rougly about 18,000 Mt per month.

6:- The sudden correction in prices have forced virtually everyone to get rid of the excess stocks. The exporters , bigger stockiest have all gone into profit booking mode since mid Dec and I believe by mid of Feb we should once again see hand to mouth buying from everyone. Even with so little buying by exporters and bigger stockiest the prices at farm/market levels remain firm and high showing that there really is lack of supply and bullish under current.

7:- People talked about heavy imports from Africa into India , but fail to realize that unlike last year the average Import prices are around 2000-2100 $ PMT . Average cost to bring the imported cargo to the factory is around $100 PMT . So with a landed price of $2100 PMT and taking a good yield of say 80% we get $2625 just the cost of seeds. You need to add the manufacturing cost + packing + export charges + interest cost etc, all of which will cost nothing less than $200 PMT. So the mean average that we predicted in the start of the season around 2800-2850 stands justified.

Unless someone can point out where the raw material is cheaper than $2000 PMT on a consistent supply basis , I see no reason for a huge slump in prices in India.

[h=4]What can happen over the next few months :-[/h]

1:- News of smaller new crops ( Mid Season) are coming in from Gujrat. I think these are the one's where the farmers did resowing after the late damages. I would put these to be in the range of around 2000Mt to 3000 MT on time to time basis. People say these could pull the markets down but I believe they are more likely to keep the market steady.

2:- Gujrat summer crop. Phewww some people are already talking about summer crop being huge , bumper , ultra super in the range of 100,000 Mt. Well all I can say to such rumors is good luck Mr Nostradamus . Last time Gujrat produced a 100,000 Mt was a decade ago and even that was a regular crop. The sowing has not started yet , we don't know what the weather is likely to be in the coming months so predicting a crop size just on the basis of high prices right now is like predicting floods after a thunderstorm. Yes it might rain cats and dogs , but then maybe it just drizzles , who knows . The crop comes out around Mid May-June so we still have time , the sowing will start end Feb-Early march and hopefully we should start getting some size estimates by Mid April.

3:- Korean Tenders will continue to come in from time to time and will keep determining the bench mark prices across the world. Tenders are likely to be smaller in lot size as we have noticed from the past few tenders but i believe the overall quantity on a yearly basis should be same.

4:- If the prices from Africa and India remain stable i foresee a renewed demand coming back as i have a feeling the buyer's have almost got used to or comfortable at current levels and there is no need to panic anymore.

No big crops expected globally for the next 6-7 months , the next big crop will be China in September and till then it will be bits and pieces crops in various african destinations which certains cannot cater to every market segment on a regular basis.

Overall our predictions for the next few months atleast till the next summer crop arrives is that market would remain firm and rangebound. At higher levels the buyer's will slow down and at lower levels there will not be enough sellers. So once again for Hulled a Range for $2800-$2900 remains a good and safe bet to be active in the market.

We also need to watch the US$ carefully , thankfully for the past 3 months it has been stable and moving in the range of 2-3% both ways but with Elections in India just around the corner ( Expected to happen in April-May) the economic situation could turn either ways and from the little information that we've got it can get very volatile during that period.

For people who were worried about the consumption drop in Sesame seed , I found a few interesting articles on the Internet about the growth on hummus ( its 50% Sesame Paste i.e Tahina) .

Source: Sesame Seed Market Report

Gharama za uendeshaji kuanzia December 2019 hadi sasa Machi 2020, Malinyi - Morogoro​

Mwaka huu nimefanya majaribio ya kulima ufuta wilaya ya Malinyi. Nimelima hekari 10, sijalima kitaalamu badala yake nimelima kama wakulima wa maeneo hayo.

Gharama za uendeshaji kuanzia December 2019 hadi sasa March 2020 ziko kama ifuatavyo:

Kukodi eneo hekari 10 @ 30000 = 300000
Kufyeka/Kusafisha eneo hekari 10@15000 = 150000
Mbegu debe 1 = 100000
Kulima hekari 10 @ 50000 (Phase1: 30000@hekari, phase2: 20000@hekari) = 500000
Kupalilia hekari 10 @25000 = 250000
Dawa ya kupulizia wadudu, kopo 5 @ 5000 = 25000
Gharama za matumizi ya msimamizi hadi sasa 100000.
Jumla ya gharama zilizotumika kuhudumia hekari 10 hadi sasa ni Tsh 1425000.
Pia kuna gharama za uvunaji zitaongezeka msimu wa kuvuna ukifika.

NB: Sikutaka kuanza na kilimo cha kitaalamu kutokana na changamoto za usimamizi kwani usimamizi uko chini ya watu ambao mostly wanalima kilimo chetu cha kitanzania. Hivyo kwa majaribio nimeona nianze hivyo kwanza ili tuweze kuzungumza lugha inayoendana na wenyeji wangu walioko mashambani then huko mbele ndio ninaweza kulima kwa kufuata kanuni za kitaalamu kama nitaona inafaa.

Mambo mengine ya kuzingatia
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Wadau wa zao la ufuta. Leo nimeona niendelee kutoa uzoefu kidogo niliopata katika hiki kilimo. Mambo mengine ya kuzingatia ni pamoja na yafuatayo.

1. Andaa shamba lako mapema shamba zuri kwa kilimo cha ufuta ni shamba jipya kama unaweza pata ambalo halijawahi limwa hivyo unafyeka kisha unachoma nyasi nyasi na kutoa visiki kama unampango wa kulima kwa trekta,kumbuka shamba lisilotuamisha maji tafadhali

2. Baada ya kusafisha shamba subiri kidogo nyasi ziote ila hakikisha nyasi hazioti hadi kutoa maua baada ya hapo piga dawa ya kuua nyasi dawa ya kuua nyasi hupulixiwa kipindi cha jua. Kuua nyasi kunasaidia kupunguza ugumu wa palizi na kuongeza mbolea baada ya nyadi kukauka ndani ya siku 14 lima shamba lako

3. Anza kuandaa mbegu zako na hii itategemea kama mbegu zako zimeshawekwa dawa ama bafo jama hazijawekwa dawa weka dawa ya kuxuia wadudu waharibufu ili zisishambuliwe mara tu baada ya kupanda.

4. Panda mbegu zako kwa kufuata vipimo sahihi kati ya mstari na mstari na shina kwa shina.

Hizo ndizo hatua za mwanzo kabisa nitaendelea kudadafua siku zijazo.

 

[CHASHA FARMING]

Ya Ufuta si kwamba unalipa sana bali una bei kubwa sana, make ukiona bei iko juu, tambua kwamba kuna ugumu katika hiyo kazi, so kilimo cha Ufuta mpka ufikishe Gunia moja umelima shamba la kutosha.

Ukiona kitu kinauzwa bei ya juu si kwamba kina lipa no ni bei iko juu kulingana na supply kuwa ndogo, Mfano Huku Arusha kuna KAMPUNI MOJA YA MAUA na kuna aina fulani ya maua huwa ukilima unawauzia Kilo Moja Tsh 300,000/ Ila mziki wa kupata hizo kilo si mchezo unaweza lima ukaishia kupata nusu kilo tu.

 

[STREET SMART]

Nimeanza kuvuna ufuta shambani kwangu, kwa sasa nafanya comparison ya bei na wanunuzi. JF ni jungu kuu naombeni member wenye kujua wanunuzi mbali mbali wanipe contacts zao ile nilinganishe bei nifanye right choice ktk kuuza mzigo.
Thanks wadau wote.

Mrejesho:

• Kati ya eka 30 nilizopanda ufuta ulistawi vzuri na kuvunwa eka 17..hii ilisababishwa na uangalizi mbovu wa aliyekuwa ananisimamia shamba.
• Kila eka nilivuna wastani wa kilo 350, kipindi hiki (July 2011-2012) wanunuzi binafsi hawakuruhusiwa lindi kununua ufuta, so niliuza kwa utaratibu wa stakabadhi ghalani @ 1200/= kwa kilo jumla nilipata kama milion 7 kwa msimu mmoja (gharama za kusafisha msitu wa eka 30, mbegu na malipo ya wafanyakazi zilikuwa ni 3.5 milion), sikuingia gharama ya kusafirisha kwa kuwa walinifata shambani.
• Mwaka 2013 sikulima nilipumzisha shamba kwa kulisafisha eka zangu zote 50 na kutanua kidogo (hili shamba lilikuwa ni msitu wakati nalichukua)
• Mwaka huo wa 2013 ulikuwa ni mzuri sana kwa upande wa bei, chomachoma (wanunuzi binafsi) waliruhusiwa na ufuta ulipanda bei hadi kufikia 2500 kwa kilo na unalipwa cash hapo hapo. waliolima walipata pesa nzuri tu.
• Mwaka huu vijana wanamalizia kupanda shamba nimelima ekari 35, nilibadili team ya wafanyakazi wa shamba kwa kuwa wengi walinikwamisha kwa kuendekeza starehe badala ya kazi. natumaini wanunuzi binafsi wataruhusiwa.
• Watu wengi kutoka mikoa mbali mbali (wachaga kibao) wameanza kuvamia misitu na kuiuza au kulima so kwa sasa kumechangamka sana tofauti na 2011 wakati naanza.
• Expectations zangu mwaka huu ni 35 (eka) x 400 (kg) x 2500 (bei/kg) =35,000,000.
• NB: 400kg kwa eka ni kiwango cha chini cha mavuno, wataalamu wa chuo cha naliendele waliniambia kwa mbegu zao za lindi 2002 na malada natakiwa nipate 1200kg kwa eka. Vijana wapo shamba wanachakarika na mi nipo mjini namtumikia mkoloni (ajira).

Thanks kwa wote:

UKITAKA KUUJUA UTAMU WA NGOMA UINGIE UCHEZE

 

[MIGNON]

Inategemea uko upande gani wa Tanzania na unategemea mavuno kiasi gani.

Kama ni eka cchache ni afadhali uuze hapo ulipo kuwa tempted kupeleka Dar ambapo unaweza kuambiwa bei ni kubwa but in actual fact ukiweka gharama za usafiri, malazi na risk nyingine inakuwa ni hasara.

 

[Mkeshahoi]

Helo wanajamvi,

Naamini mu wazima na sote twaendelea chakachua akili zetu kukaba fursa za kiuchumi japo nchi yetu inauzwa kila kukicha.

Naomba msaaada wa mawazo na ushauri:

- Kutaka kujua hali ya soko na wanunuzi (si madalali) wazuri wa mbao za mninga, mvule na mkangazi hapo DSM.. kuna ndugu anataka kujitosa katika anga hii na kaniomba ushauri. Biashara ni pale mzigo unapokuwa umefika kwa mnunuzi.

- Nahitaji jua michakato yote katika kilimo cha ufuta kwa yeyote anayeelewa. Kuna mwananchi kanidokeza ni kilmo kinacholipa.

Pamoja tunaweza.

Nawakilisha.

 

[Rich Dad]

Helo wanajamvi,

Naamini mu wazima na sote twaendelea chakachua akili zetu kukaba fursa za kiuchumi japo nchi yetu inauzwa kila kukicha.

Naomba msaaada wa mawazo na ushauri:

- Kutaka kujua hali ya soko na wanunuzi (si madalali) wazuri wa mbao za mninga, mvule na mkangazi hapo DSM.. kuna ndugu anataka kujitosa katika anga hii na kaniomba ushauri. Biashara ni pale mzigo unapokuwa umefika kwa mnunuzi.

- Nahitaji jua michakato yote katika kilimo cha ufuta kwa yeyote anayeelewa... kuna mwananchi kanidokeza ni kilmo kinacholipa.

Pamoja tunaweza.

Nawakilisha.

Tuma bei na size ya mbao nione kama naweza kununua na kuuza maeneo ya Kigamboni.

 

[Malila]

Helo wanajamvi,

Naamini mu wazima na sote twaendelea chakachua akili zetu kukaba fursa za kiuchumi japo nchi yetu inauzwa kila kukicha.

Naomba msaaada wa mawazo na ushauri:
- kutaka kujua hali ya soko na wanunuzi(si madalali) wazuri wa mbao za mninga, mvule na mkangazi hapo DSM.. kuna ndugu anataka kujitosa katika anga hii na kaniomba ushauri. Biashara ni pale mzigo unapokuwa umefika kwa mnunuzi.

-nahitaji jua michakato yote katika kilimo cha ufuta kwa yeyote anayeelewa... kuna mwananchi kanidokeza ni kilmo kinacholipa.

Pamoja tunaweza.

Nawakilisha.

Kwa habari ya mbao unazosema, ni vema uangalie size ambazo zina soko zuri kwa wanunuzi hata wa reja reja ili asilete mzigo wa kuganda. Pia kama unaweza m-MP tiger, yumo humu, juzi alikuwa kwa GUE BUSNESS ( yaani Msumbiji kusaka mbao ngumu) anaweza kukupa habari za hiyo kitu.

Kilimo kwa ujumla si kibaya, tatizo ni masoko, kuna watu huwaambii kitu ktk nyanya au viazi vya chips, lakini wengine wameapa hawatakaa walime zao fulani kwa sababu ya kubamizwa msimu fulani. Ufuta unalipa, japokuwa mwaka huu pande za Babati huko wanalia,bei imeshuka vibaya.

 

[Candid Scope]

Soko la mazao ya biashara ni zuri sana tu kama unakuwa mbunifu wa kuzindika mwenyewe badala ya kutegemea uwauzie wengine mazao yako. Kama una mpango wa zao la ufuta ni bora kama unaamua kuwa na kinu cha kukamua mafuta na katu hutakosa soko la mafuta.

Binafsi nakushauri sana kulima zao la ufuta iwapo utakuwa na mipango ya kuzindika na kupata mafuta wewe mwenyewe na kisha uuze mafuta yake, hapo utakomba faida yote badala ya kudanganywa na wanunuzi wa middles ambao hula faida ya wa juu na wa chini.

 

[Mkeshahoi]

Kwa habari ya mbao unazosema, ni vema uangalie size ambazo zina soko zuri kwa wanunuzi hata wa reja reja ili asilete mzigo wa kuganda. Pia kama unaweza m-MP tiger, yumo humu, juzi alikuwa kwa GUE BUSNESS ( yaani Msumbiji kusaka mbao ngumu) anaweza kukupa habari za hiyo kitu.

Kilimo kwa ujumla si kibaya, tatizo ni masoko, kuna watu huwaambii kitu ktk nyanya au viazi vya chips, lakini wengine wameapa hawatakaa walime zao fulani kwa sababu ya kubamizwa msimu fulani. Ufuta unalipa, japokuwa mwaka huu pande za Babati huko wanalia,bei imeshuka vibaya.

Ahsante mkuu kwa ushauri wako, nitafikisha feedback kwa mhusika.

 

[mjasiria]

Habari zenu wadau,

Leo nimeona nije na mada ili kama kuna watu wenye information zinazoweza kusaidia basi na wachangie ili tuweze kupata faida. Kwa kifupi ni kuwa ninashawishika kujishughulisha na kilimo ili kuongeza kipato na nimeamua kujishughulisha na kilimo cha ufuta.

Ufuta kama zao lingine lolote lina mahitaji yake muhimu. Ninaomba kama kuna yeyote anayeweza kutoa maelezo kuhusu zao hili kwenye vipengele vifuatavyo basi anisaidie.

1. Je, ni aina gani ya mbegu zinazopatikana na kustawi Tanzania, na katika hizo ipi ni bora zaidi.
2. Kwa ekari moja, kama ukifuata ushauri wa kitaalamu unaweza kupata kiasi gani cha ufuta katika mavuno assuming normal conditions?
3. Je, ufuta unahitaji dawa za kuua wadudu, na kama ni ndivyo inahitajika kufanya zoezi hilo mara ngapi ili kupata mavuno mengi na bora? Pia gharama za kupiga dawa kwa ekari inaweza kufikia kiasi gani?
4. Je zao hili ustawi katika mazingira gani? Hapa nina maana hali ya hewa, udongo n.k.
5. Ni mbinu gani za kilimo naweza kutumia kuongeza wingi na ubora wa zao hili.

Wakuu wenye hizi habari tunaomba mfunguke kwa faida ya wengi.

 

[Dr wa ukweli]

Habari zenu wadau,

Leo nimeona nije na mada ili kama kuna watu wenye information zinazoweza kusaidia basi na wachangie ili tuweze kupata faida. Kwa kifupi ni kuwa ninashawishika kujishughulisha na kilimo ili kuongeza kipato na nimeamua kujishughulisha na kilimo cha ufuta.

Ufuta kama zao lingine lolote lina mahitaji yake muhimu. Ninaomba kama kuna yeyote anayeweza kutoa maelezo kuhusu zao hili kwenye vipengele vifuatavyo basi anisaidie.

1. Je, ni aina gani ya mbegu zinazopatikana na kustawi Tanzania, na katika hizo ipi ni bora zaidi.
2. Kwa ekari moja, kama ukifuata ushauri wa kitaalamu unaweza kupata kiasi gani cha ufuta katika mavuno assuming normal conditions?
3. Je, ufuta unahitaji dawa za kuua wadudu, na kama ni ndivyo inahitajika kufanya zoezi hilo mara ngapi ili kupata mavuno mengi na bora? Pia gharama za kupiga dawa kwa ekari inaweza kufikia kiasi gani?
4. Je, zao hili ustawi katika mazingira gani? Hapa nina maana hali ya hewa, udongo n.k.

Wakuu wenye hizi habari tunaomba mfunguke kwa faida ya wengi.

Ukanda wa kati singida babati na dodoma nasikia ndio penyewe zamani nilikuwa nalima kifamilia zaidi maeneo ya kaskazini, tusubiri wataalam waje wakupe data za kibiashara zaidi.

 

[HAZOLE]

Habari zenu wadau,
Leo nimeona nije na mada ili kama kuna watu wenye information zinazoweza kusaidia basi na wachangie ili tuweze kupata faida. Kwa kifupi ni kuwa ninashawishika kujishughulisha na kilimo ili kuongeza kipato na nimeamua kujishughulisha na kilimo cha ufuta.

WELL. Ufuta ni biashara nzuri sana hapa tz. mnunuzi mkubwa wa hapa ndani ni Mohamed Enterprises hapa DSM.
Ekari moja inakupa gunia 8@85-90 kgs so ni kama kilo 680 kwa ekari moja.

Nami nitafuatilia suala hili na mwakani ninampango wa kuanza na ekari 10 kwa mkoa wa lindi. kuhusu mbegu na wadudu nakushauri uende vyuo vya kilimo vilivyopo maeneo ambayo kilimo cha ufuta kinafanyika. kwa mimi nitaenda naliendele agricultural institute cha mtwara nadhani wananisaidia. Kila la heri.

 

[mjasiria]

WELL. ufuta ni biashara nzuri sana hapa tz. mnunuzi mkubwa wa hapa ndani ni mohamed enterprises hapa DSM.
Ekari moja inakupa gunia 8@85-90 kgs so ni kama kilo 680 kwa ekari moja.

Nami nitafuatilia suala hili na mwakani ninampango wa kuanza na ekari 10 kwa mkoa wa lindi. kuhusu mbegu na wadudu nakushauri uende vyuo vya kilimo vilivyopo maeneo ambayo kilimo cha ufuta kinafanyika. kwa mimi nitaenda naliendele agricultural institute cha mtwara nadhani wananisaidia. kila la heri

Mkuu kama ukipata details zaidi itakuwa vizuri ukishea nasi. Maana kwa uzoefu mdogo nilionao watu wanapata gunia kama 10 tu kwa ekari 5, lakini kwa mujibu wa maelezo yako kuna uwezekano mkubwa sana wa kutengeneza angalau gunia hata 30 kwa ekari 5.

Pamoja sana mkuu.

 

[elf miaka]

Wizara ya Kilimo ingekupa the right answers au wakulima wenye experience au ajiri afisa ugani.

 

[Bhbm]

Wakuu wana JF wenzangu, naomba kujuzwa kwa wale wazoefu, ni wapi kuna soko zuri la ufuta?
Fungukeni wapendwa bila uchoyo ili tuweze kusaidiana kuinua uchumi wa nchi yetu.

 

[HAZOLE]

Nimeanza harakati za kulima pamoja na kununua toka kwa wakulima mkuu.

Mkuu ishu ya soko ipo hivi;

1. Kuna wanunuzi hasa wahindi huja mashambani wakati wa mavuno (Lindi and Mtwara are my case study)

2. Unaweza funga mzigo wako ukauleta dsm kwa mohamed entreprises ni mnunuzi mkubwa na ukisafirisha utapata faida zaidi

3. Waweza tafuta mzigo mkubwa wa kutosha kontena kuanzia 3, 4, nk na ukauza nje ya nchi na nchi inayonunua sana ni india.

mimi nilikuwa na mpango wa kulima next yr but ntaanza na mazoa jamii ya choroko na mbaazi. hivi naandaa shamba.

 

[Bhbm]

Mkuu ishu ya soko ipo hivi;

1. Kuna wanunuzi hasa wahindi huja mashambani wakati wa mavuno(lindi and mtwara are my case study)
2. Unaweza funga mzigo wako ukauleta dsm kwa mohamed entreprises ni mnunuzi mkubwa na ukisafirisha utapata faida zaidi
3. Waweza tafuta mzigo mkubwa wa kutosha kontena kuanzia 3, 4, nk na ukauza nje ya nchi na nchi inayonunua sana ni india.
mimi nilikuwa na mpango wa kulima next yr but ntaanza na mazoa jamii ya choroko na mbaazi. hivi naandaa shamba.

Mkuu mimu nakushukuru sana kwa msaada wako mubwa wa ushauri.

 

[M-pesa]

Mambo ya JF hayachuji! Ni vizuri kupitia thread za zamani pia.

 

[Shadya]

Habarini wana JF, kama kuna mdau anafahamu wapi mbegu za ufuta mweupe zinapatikana anijuze tafadhali.

 

[Sniper]

Wadau kuhusu ufuta, je ni sehemu gani za Tanzania zinafaa kwa kilimo cha Ufuta? mi nipo Dodoma, je Dodoma kunafaa? Kama hakufai je maeneo yake ya karibu je? Morogoro au Singida?

Il Gambino.