Jifunze kiingereza

[English Kona]

Unapoanza kujifunza kiingereza unatakiwa ujue baadhi ya kanuni muhimu ya lugha hii . Kanuni hizo utazijua baada ya kujifunza grammar .

Grammar itakusaidia kutunga sentensi zako kwa usahihi na pia itakufanya uweze kumudu kiingereza cha kuongea na kuandika .

Katika uzi huu tutafundishana simple grammar ambayo unatakuwa kuifahamu unapokuwa unajifunza lugha ya kiingereza.

Basic English grammar lessons ;

1. Nouns
2. Pronouns
3. Verbs
4. Adjectives
5. Adverbs
6. Articles
7. Conjuction
8. Tenses
9. Speech
10. Punctuation
11. Preposition ....n.k

Katika somo letu la leo utajifunza kitu cha kwanza kabisa katika grammar ambacho kinaitwa NOUN .

NOUN - ni neno ambalo linataja majina ya watu, vitu , mahali au wazo . Hivyo kwa kifupi " nouns " ni majina .

Kwa mfano :

Asha , Zena , Nasra , John , Anna , president , teacher , pilot , dog , cat , dog , cow , elephant , Dar es salaam, Tanzania , Italy , Uganda , hapiness , truth , danger .

1. KANUNI KATIKA MAJINA YA WATU NA MAHALI .

=>Katika uandishi majina ya watu huwa tunaanza kwa herufi kubwa , kama hivi : John , Abdul , Alex ...... Na sio john , abdul , alex .

=>Pia majina ya mahali huwa tunaanza kwa herufi kubwa , kama hivi : Tanzania , Uganda , Dodoma , Mwanza , Mtwara , Nairobi , South Africa ........ Na sio tanzania , uganda , dodoma , mwanza .

2. KANUNI KATIKA MAJINA MENGINE

=>Majina mengine kama ya wanyama , vitu n.k . Huwa tunaanza na herufi kubwa endapo tu ikiwa mwanzo wa sentensi tu , ila ikiwa katikati hatuanzi na herufi kubwa .

=>Kikawaida majina haya huanza na kiashairia (article) kwanza kama A , An na The .

MFANO :

A doctor , the car , an umbrella , a train , a book , the boss , a house , a bus ,..n.k
( Somo la mbele nitakufundisha jinsi ya kutumia hivyo viashiria au articles )

MIFANO YA NOUN KATIKA SENTENSI

1. Juma likes reading books .
- Juma anapenda kusoma vitabu .

2. Asha wants to become a doctor
- Asha anataka kuwa daktari .

3. Yesterday I bought a new smartphone .
- Jana nilinunua simu janja mpya .

4. We have a cat in our home .
- Tuna paka nyumbani kwetu .

5. Asha lives in Tanzania .
- Asha anaishi Tanzania

Uzi huu unaendelea utakuwa unasasishwa ( updates )

Pia tumeanzisha channel ya YouTube , Channel yetu ni mpya bado haijapata subscribers wengi. Tafadhali subscribe channel yetu ili iweze kukua tuzidi kujifunza zaidi.

>>>SUBSCRIBE<<<

 

[English Kona]

>>>>>>>>SUBSCRIBE<<<<<<<<<<

 

[English Kona]

SINGULAR AND PLURAL OF NOUNS ( UMOJA NA WINGI WA MAJINA )

1. Kikawaida wingi wa majina huwa tunaongezea ' s ' mbele .
=>bottle - bottles ( Chupa / vyupa)
=>cup - cups ( kikombe / vikombe)
=>Window - windows ( dirisha / madirisha ) .
=>Bed - beds ( kitanda / vitanda ) .

2. Kwa majina yanayoishia na CH , X , S au sauti ya S ..... Huwa tunaongeza "ES"
For example :

=>Box - boxes ( sanduku / masanduku )
=>watch / watches ( saa / saa )
=> Bus / buses ( basi / mabasi )

3. Kwa majina yanayoishia na " F " au " FE " .... Hapa huwa tunabadilisha " F " kuwa " V " .
For example :

=> Wife - wives ( Mke / wake )
=> wolf - wolves ( mbwa mwitu )
=> leaf - leaves ( jani / majani )
=> life - lives ( maisha / maisha )

4. Baadhi ya majina yana wingi tofauti .
For example :

=> child - children ( mtoto / watoto )
=> woman - women
=> man - men
=> mouse - mice

5. Kwa majina yanayoishia ya "Y " au "O" ... Huwa hayana kanuni maalumu katika wingi.

For example :

=>Baby - babies
=>Potato - potatoes
=>kidney - kidneys
=> memo - memos
=> stereo - stereos

6. Kuna baadhi ya majina yanafanana katika wingi na umoja .
For example :

=> Sheep - sheep
=> deer - deer
=> series - series

 

[tzkwanza]

Safi sana, tutajifunza.

 

[English Kona]

COUNT VS NON-COUNT NOUNS ( MAJINA YANAYOHESABIKA vs MAJINA YASIYOHESABIKA )

COUNT NOUNS

- Ni majina yote ambayo yanaweza kuhesabika .

# Mfano:

Pen , computer , bottle , spoon, cup , television , chair , shoe , finger , camera , table , book...

SIFA YA MAJINA HAYA ( COUNT NOUNS )

I > Majina haya yana wingi :

#Mfano

Pens , computers , bottles , spoons , cups , televisions , chairs , shoes , fingers , cameras , books , tables ....

II > Yanaweza kuelezwa kwa kutumia :

a few , few , many , some , every , each , these , the number of .

Mfano :

a few pens , a few computers , many bottle , some spoons , each cup , these television , the number of chairs , a few shoes , a few fingers , some cameras , these books , the number of tables ....

III > Yanatumia viashiria ( articles ) :

A , AN na THE .

# Kumbuka
Huwa tunatumia viashiria ikiwa jina lipo kwenye umoja .

#Mfano :

a pen , the computer, a bottle , the spoon , the cup , a television , the chair , a shoe , the finger , the camera , a book , the table ......

IV > Majina haya hayatumii MUCH ( kwa mfano huwezi kusema " much chairs au much computers ) .

MAJINA YASIYOHESABIKA ( NON-COUNT NOUNS )

- Haya ndiyo majina yasiyohesabika . Kikawaida majina haya huelezwa kwenye makundi au aina .

#Mfano :

water , wood , ice , air oxygen , English , Swahili , traffic , furniture , milk , wine , sugar , rice , meat , flour , soccer , sunshine ,...n.k

SIFA ZA MAJINA HAYA :

I > Kikawaida hayawezi kuwekwa kwenye wingi .

II . Yanaweza yakatumia viashiria ( A , AN au THE ) au yasitumie viashiria , hapa inategemea na sentensi yenyewe .

For example :

- Sugar is sweet .
( sukari ni tamu )

- The sunshine is beutiful .
( Mwanga wa jua ni mzuri )

- I drink milk .
( Huwa nakunywa maziwa )

- He eats rice .
( Huwa anakula wali )

- We watch soccer together .
( Huwa tunaangalia mpira pamoja )

- The wood is burning .


IV . Yanaweza kuelezwa kwa kutumia :
SOME , ANY , ENOUGH , THIS , THAT na MUCH .
For example :

- We ate some rice and milk
( Tulikula wali na maziwa )

- I hope to see some sunshine today
( Leo natumaini kuona mwanga wa jua )

- This meat is good .
( Nyama hii ni nzuri )

- She does not speak much swahili
( Haongei kiswahili sana )

- Do you see any traffic on the road ?
( Je unaona foleni yoyote barabarani ? )

- That wine is very old .
( Wine hiyo ni ya zamani sana )

 

[English Kona]

Majina ya umiliki
( possessive nouns )


MAJINA YA UMILIKI ( POSSESSIVE NOUNS )


Possessive nouns - haya ni majina yanayotumika kuonyesha umiliki wa vitu .

=>Kikawaida majina haya huongezewa alama ya mkato wa juu ( ' ) na S .

#Mfano :

- Anna's car
( Gari la Anna )

- Juma's wife
( Mke wa Juma )

- Zena's house
( Nyumba ya Zena )

- Mother's mirror
( Kioo cha mama )

=> Kwa majina ya wingi ambayo yanaishia na S , huwa tunaweka mkato wa juu baada ya hiyo S .

#Mfano :

- My parents' house
( Nyumba ya wazazi wangu )

- The kids' toys

=> Kama watu wawili wana miliki kitu kimoja , basi ongeza alama ya mkato wa juu ( ' ) na S kwa jina la mtu wa pili .

#Mfano:

- John and Mary's new house
( Nyumba mpya ya John na Mary )

- Asha and Anna's car
( Gari la Asha na Anna )

=>Kama watu wawili wana miliki vitu viwili tofauti , basi kila mmoja utamuongezea alama ya mkato wa juu ( ' ) na S .

#Mfano

-John's and Dan's pants
( kaptura za John na Dan )

- Ben's and Jim's offices
( Ofisi za Ben na Jim )

 

[ndege JOHN]

Those that we know English already we comment where

 

[English Kona]

Wakuu ningependa kuwakumbusha kuwa hapa tunasoma simple grammar tu, hivyo unaweza ukaona labda kuna vipengele tumeviruka.

Grammar hii ukiisoma na ukaielewa basi itakusaidia sana katika safari yako ya kiingereza.

Pia ningependa kuwakumbusha kuwa tumeanzisha channel ya YouTube mpya, kwa sasa ina subscribers wachache sana , hivyo tafadhali SUBSCRIBE channel yetu ili tuzidi kuwa wengi ili tujifunze zaidi.

>>>>>>>>>SUBSCRIBE<<<<<<<<<<<

Au tutafute YouTube kwa jina English Kona

 

[noel96]

Safi sana mkuu

 

[English Kona]

Safi sana mkuu

Tuko pamoja , pia usisahau ku-subscribe katika channel ya YouTube ili tuzidi kuwa wengi.

 

[Two dimension array]

Endelea mkuu

 

[Siasa Basi]

Ok

 

[noel96]

Tuko pamoja , pia usisahau ku-subscribe katika channel ya YouTube ili tuzidi kuwa wengi.

Sawa mkuu dakika chache

 

[English Kona]

Kwa kipengele cha nouns tumeshaki maliza , tunahamia kipengele kingine , kama kuna swali lolote hapo juu inayohusiana na topic yetu basi usisite kuuliza.

Tunahamia kwenye pronouns.

 

[Ghiti Milimo]

Safi sana, tutajifunza.

Tena BUREEEE!

 

[English Kona]

PRONOUNS ( VIWAKILISHI )

Haya ni maneno ambayo yanatumika kuwakilisha majina ( nouns ) .

Mifano ya pronouns ni kama vile :

I , You , She , He , It , We , They , Me , Yours , Ours , It's , Myself ,... N.K

Kwa leo tutasoma kwa uchache kwanza.


JINSI YA KUTUMIA PRONOUNS ( VIWAKILISHI )

Tunatumia maneno haya kuwakilisha majina ( Nouns ) . Kwa mfano badala ya kusema :

" Asha lives here "...... Tunaweza kusema ... " Shelives here "

Angalia mifano hii :

Asha lives here = > She lives here

Anna and I are living here = > We are living here .

SASA HEBU TUANGALIE JINSI YA KUTUMIA PRONOUNS .

I - hii hutumika na nafsi ya kwanza umoja... Yani MIMI . Mfano : I live here ( Ninaishi hapa )

#Wingi wa nafsi hii ni " We " .

You ( wewe / ninyi ) - hii inatumika na nafsi ya pili umoja na wingi. Mfano : You are reading this story ( Unasoma hadithi hii / mnasoma hadithi hii )

#wingi wa nafsi hii ni " You " .

He ( yeye ) - hii hutumika kuwakilisha majina ya kiume ya nafsi ya tatu umoja . Mfano :

Juma is playing football = He is playing football
#Wingi wa kiwakilishi hiki ni " They " .
She ( yeye ) - Hii hutumika kuwakilisha majina ya kike ya nafsi ya tatu .

Mfano
Asha , Mwantumu , Mary , Anna , Irene , Vanessa , Mariamu ..... Majina haya huwakilishwa na " SHE " . Kwa mfano : Asha ( She ) likes football .

#Wingi wa nafsi hii ni " They " .

It - hii hutumika na nafsi ya tatu umoja lakini kwa majina ya vitu, wanyama na mimea .

For example :

Goat eats grass = It eats grass

# Wingi wa nafsi hii ni " They " .

MIfano zaidi ya pronouns ( viwakilishi )

I play football

They need us

We are together

I am listening to music

She loves her mother .

It started to rain .


Personal pronouns

Personal pronouns - Hivi ni viwakilishi vinavyotumika kuwakilisha majina maalumu ya watu au vitu .

For example : I , me , mine , you, yours , his , her , hers , we , they , or them .

Pronouns hizi zinagawanyika katika sehemu kuu nne kama zifuatazo :

Subjective pronouns
Objective pronouns
Possissive pronouns
Reflexive pronouns

Subjective pronouns

Hivi ni viwakilishi vya mtenda au watenda wa kitenzi ( verb ) , viwakilishi hivi ni kama vile , I , you , we , he , she , it na they .

I live here
He loves Mary
They saw Omary

Objective pronouns

Hivi ni viwakilishi vya mtendwa wa kitenzi .

He loves her

They saw him

She need us

Possessive pronouns .

Hivi ni viwakilishi ambavyo vinatumika kuonyesha umiliki wa vitu kwa watu .

That bag is mine
( Begi lile ni la kwangu )

Take your money
( chukua pesa yako )

She will give her book
( Atampa kitabu chake )

Reflexive Pronouns

Viwakilishi hivi ni kama vile , myself , himself , herself , itself , ourselves, yourselves , and themselves .

Myself ( mi mwenyewe )
Himself ( ye mwenyewe )
Herself ( ye mwenyewe )
Itself( chenyewe / ye mwenyewe )
Yourselves ( we mwenyewe )
Themselves ( wao wenyewe )

Juma prepared himself for the journey

They will know themselves

She fell and hurt herself .

....................................., ...............

 

[English Kona]

Verbs ( vitenzi )




Verb ni neno linalotaja kitendo , kwa mfano :-

to do- kufanya ,
run - kimbia ,
sleep - lala ,
walk - tembea ,
hit - gonga ....n.k

Verb inapokuwa kwenye hali yake halisi huitwa "infinitive " . Mara nyingi huwa inakaa mbele ya neno to .

For example :

She began to run ( alianza kukimbia )

I decided to follow you ( niliamua kukufuata)

MIFANO ZAIDI YA VITENZI

1. I speak english well ( naongea kiingereza vizuri )

2. I am watching television ( naangalia tv )

3. I will call you later ( nitakupigia baadae )

4. I will help you ( nitakusaidia )

5. I bought a new smartphone yesterday ( Jana nilinunua smartphone mpya )

6. She walks very slowly ( huwa anatembea taratibu sana )

7. I ate food ( nilikula chakula )

8. I jumped into the river ( nilirukia mtoni )

9. She is reading a book . ( anasoma kitabu )

10. He will beat you ( atakupiga )

11. Goat eats grass ( Mbuzi hula majani)

AUXILIARY VERBS( Vitenzi visaidizi )

Hivi ni vitenzi ambavyo vinasaidia kuunda tenses,moods na voices vya vitenzi vingine . vitenzi hivyo nibe, do na have .

BE ( am , is , are , was , were , been , being ) - hutumika na vitenzi vingine kuunda continuous tenses (nyakati zinazo endelea) na passive voices .

She was living here .
( Alikuwa anaishi hapa )

They were eating food .
( Walikuwa wanakula chakula )

Kenya were beaten by Tanzania in the final .

HAVE - hutumika kutengeneza perfect tenses ( nyakati timilifu )

I have been living with him for 2 years .
( Nimekuwa nikiishi nae kwa miaka miwili )

She has done .

DO hutumika :

- kuweka msisitizo katika sentensi .

They did look tired .

- Kuuliza maswali

Do you work here ?

- kutengeneza sentensi za kukanusha .

I don't like meat .

.....................................................................

👉👉http:englishkona.com

 

[Lucas philipo]

Good thread!

 

[Clement paul]

Nice lesson

 

[Janerose mzalendo]

Countable/uncountable

COUNT VS NON-COUNT NOUNS ( MAJINA YANAYOHESABIKA vs MAJINA YASIYOHESABIKA )
View attachment 1106065
COUNT NOUNS
- Ni majina yote ambayo yanaweza kuhesabika .
# Mfano:
Pen , computer , bottle , spoon, cup , television , chair , shoe , finger , camera , table , book...
SIFA YA MAJINA HAYA ( COUNT NOUNS )
I > Majina haya yana wingi :
#Mfano
Pens , computers , bottles , spoons , cups , televisions , chairs , shoes , fingers , cameras , books , tables ....
II > Yanaweza kuelezwa kwa kutumia :
a few , few , many , some , every , each , these , the number of .
Mfano :
a few pens , a few computers , many bottle , some spoons , each cup , these television , the number of chairs , a few shoes , a few fingers , some cameras , these books , the number of tables ....
III > Yanatumia viashiria ( articles ) :
A , AN na THE .
# Kumbuka
Huwa tunatumia viashiria ikiwa jina lipo kwenye umoja .
#Mfano :
a pen , the computer, a bottle , the spoon , the cup , a television , the chair , a shoe , the finger , the camera , a book , the table ......
IV > Majina haya hayatumii MUCH ( kwa mfano huwezi kusema " much chairs au much computers ) .
MAJINA YASIYOHESABIKA ( NON-COUNT NOUNS )
- Haya ndiyo majina yasiyohesabika . Kikawaida majina haya huelezwa kwenye makundi au aina .
#Mfano :
water , wood , ice , air oxygen , English , Swahili , traffic , furniture , milk , wine , sugar , rice , meat , flour , soccer , sunshine ,...n.k
SIFA ZA MAJINA HAYA :
I > Kikawaida hayawezi kuwekwa kwenye wingi .
II . Yanaweza yakatumia viashiria ( A , AN au THE ) au yasitumie viashiria , hapa inategemea na sentensi yenyewe .
For example :
- Sugar is sweet .
( sukari ni tamu )
- The sunshine is beutiful .
( Mwanga wa jua ni mzuri )
- I drink milk .
( Huwa nakunywa maziwa )
- He eats rice .
( Huwa anakula wali )
- We watch soccer together .
( Huwa tunaangalia mpira pamoja )
- The wood is burning .
IV . Yanaweza kuelezwa kwa kutumia :
SOME , ANY , ENOUGH , THIS , THAT na MUCH .
For example :
- We ate some rice and milk
( Tulikula wali na maziwa )
- I hope to see some sunshine today
( Leo natumaini kuona mwanga wa jua )
- This meat is good .
( Nyama hii ni nzuri )
- She does not speak much swahili
( Haongei kiswahili sana )
- Do you see any traffic on the road ?
( Je unaona foleni yoyote barabarani ? )
- That wine is very old .
( Wine hiyo ni ya zamani sana )