Da'Vinci
JF-Expert Member
- Dec 1, 2016
- 35,673
- 106,768
ENGLISH TUTORIAL
Mate, tatizo la kuelewa kuandika na kuongea na lugha ya kingereza ni suala mtumbuka. Wengi wetu hasa tuliopita shule za uswahilini bado lugha yetu haipo sawa. Hivyo basi ningependa kushea nanyi module hii japo kwa uchache. Nitazungumzia zaidi upande wa sentesi.
NB. Ili nieleweke vizuri nitatumia lugha ya Kiswahili na kiingereza katika kufundisha, karibu.
SENTENCES
Ni kundi la maneno ambalo hutoa maelezo yenye maana au ni kundi la maneno lenye kutoa ujumbe wenye maana. Hivyo basi maneno ili yaitwe sentesi lazima yatoe maana yenye kueleweka.
Examples:
Hello there, My name is Da’Vinci
I’m Jf Expert member
FRAGMET
Ni kundi la maneno ambalo linafanana na sentence lakini hua halina maana yoyote.
Examples:
Nilipojiunga JF member wote wa FB wakaanza kulia, ndipo magari yalipogongana huku waumini wakipiga makofi kushangilia goli lililofungwa pale barababara ya lami.
She is handsome himself me why?
TYPES OF SENTENCES
Katika aina za sentensi, sentence zimegawanywa katika makundi mawili ambayo makundi hayo ugawanywaji wake utatokana na mahitaji yako wewe mtumiaji wa sentesi hii. Sentensi zimegawanywa kwa kuzingatia matumizi na maundo wa sentensi.
Kwa kuzingatia matumizi (function/purpose) ya sentensi, sentensi imegawanywa katika makundi haya.
Kwa kuzingatia matumizi ya sentensi, sentensi zimegawanywa katika makundi haya.
DECLERATIVE SENTENCE
Are the sentences that tell about facts,opnions and other statement.
Examples:
Da’Vinci is Jf expert member.
Da’Vinci loves you all.
IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo hutoa amri au ombi Fulani. Mara nyingi sentensi hizi huishia na alama ya mshangao(!)
Examples:
Close the door.
Get out.
Please sir may I come in!
INTEROGATIVE SENTENCES
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo lengo lake ni kupata maelezo Fulani kwa kuuliza swali au ni sentensi inayouliza swali. Siku zote huishia na alama ya kiulizo (?) katika aina hii ya sentensi tunajikita zaidi katika WH question, wh question ni kipengele kipana hivyo tutagusa mifano tu juu juu.
Examples:
What is jamiiForum?
Who is Da’vinci?
Are you jf member?
Do you know?
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo huonyesha hisia, siku zote huishia na alama ya mshangao (!)
Examples:
Oooh! My God she died
I love you!
I hate you!
The End…
Point to ponder
Cluase
Ni sentensi zilizoundwa na mtenda/kiima(subject) na kitenzi (verb)
Independent Clause
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo inaweza kusimama pekee yake na kuleta maana bila ktegemea sentensi nyingine.
Example
I’m writing.
They are coming.
Dependent Clause
Ni aina ya sentensi ambazo hua hazitoi maana kamili ya santensi hivyo hutegemea sentensi nyingine ili ziweze kuleta maana iliyokusudiwa.
Examples:
If you can work on Sunday
Then his sister came
After that I started to fall in love
Kwa mifano michache hiyo unaweza kuona katika sentesi hizo kuna habari Fulani imekosekana hivyo hazileti maana au inakua ngumu kujua kusudi sahihi la sentesi hiyo.
Kwa kuzingatia muundo (structure) wa sentensi, sentensi imegawanywa katika makundi haya.
SIMPLE SENTENCE
Hii ni aina ya sentensi ambayo huundwa na Independent clause moja. Technically Independent sentence ndio simple sentence
Example…
Life is Unfair
I have studied
Life is good.
COMPOUND SENTENCES
Ni aina ya sentensi ambyo huundwa kwa independent clause mbili ambazo huunganishwa kwa kutumia mkato na viunganishi (conjuction). Kwa wataalamu wa aina za maneno kwenye part ya conjuctions hapa tutatumia aina zote mbili za viunganishi ambavyo coordinating na subordinating conjuction. (F.A.N.B.O.Y.S/A.A.A.W.W.U.B.B.I.S)
Examples of compound sentnces
He studied hard but he failed
JF is for GreatThinker while FB is for kids
COMPLEX SENTENCE
Hii ni aina ya sentensi ambayo imeundwa kutumia independent clause moja na dependent clause moja au zaidi.
Examples
It was raining that’s why the football match was cancelled
Although he was so wealthy, he was still unhappy
He died because he was sick.
The End…
QUESTION TAG
Kwa wale wazee wa tookn’t you? Loven’t you? Eikeiei Question tag I got you covered, karibia kila tukivunja yai letu adhimu la lugha ya Kiswahili hua tunatumia Question tag bila kujua au tukiwa tunajua.
Q Tag ni swali ambalo huulizwa mwisho wa sentensi ili kupata ufafanuzi na uthibitisho wa sentensi iliyozungumzwa au itakayozungumzwa(clarification and confirmation of sentence), Mfano:
umependeza au sio?
Utakuja au hauji?
Unanipenda au huinipendi?
Ushakula au hujala?
HATUA ZA KUZINGATIA WAKATI WA KUUNDA QUESTION TAG
Mate, tatizo la kuelewa kuandika na kuongea na lugha ya kingereza ni suala mtumbuka. Wengi wetu hasa tuliopita shule za uswahilini bado lugha yetu haipo sawa. Hivyo basi ningependa kushea nanyi module hii japo kwa uchache. Nitazungumzia zaidi upande wa sentesi.
NB. Ili nieleweke vizuri nitatumia lugha ya Kiswahili na kiingereza katika kufundisha, karibu.
SENTENCES
Ni kundi la maneno ambalo hutoa maelezo yenye maana au ni kundi la maneno lenye kutoa ujumbe wenye maana. Hivyo basi maneno ili yaitwe sentesi lazima yatoe maana yenye kueleweka.
Examples:
Hello there, My name is Da’Vinci
I’m Jf Expert member
FRAGMET
Ni kundi la maneno ambalo linafanana na sentence lakini hua halina maana yoyote.
Examples:
Nilipojiunga JF member wote wa FB wakaanza kulia, ndipo magari yalipogongana huku waumini wakipiga makofi kushangilia goli lililofungwa pale barababara ya lami.
She is handsome himself me why?
TYPES OF SENTENCES
Katika aina za sentensi, sentence zimegawanywa katika makundi mawili ambayo makundi hayo ugawanywaji wake utatokana na mahitaji yako wewe mtumiaji wa sentesi hii. Sentensi zimegawanywa kwa kuzingatia matumizi na maundo wa sentensi.
Kwa kuzingatia matumizi (function/purpose) ya sentensi, sentensi imegawanywa katika makundi haya.
Kwa kuzingatia matumizi ya sentensi, sentensi zimegawanywa katika makundi haya.
DECLERATIVE SENTENCE
Are the sentences that tell about facts,opnions and other statement.
Examples:
Da’Vinci is Jf expert member.
Da’Vinci loves you all.
IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo hutoa amri au ombi Fulani. Mara nyingi sentensi hizi huishia na alama ya mshangao(!)
Examples:
Close the door.
Get out.
Please sir may I come in!
INTEROGATIVE SENTENCES
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo lengo lake ni kupata maelezo Fulani kwa kuuliza swali au ni sentensi inayouliza swali. Siku zote huishia na alama ya kiulizo (?) katika aina hii ya sentensi tunajikita zaidi katika WH question, wh question ni kipengele kipana hivyo tutagusa mifano tu juu juu.
Examples:
What is jamiiForum?
Who is Da’vinci?
Are you jf member?
Do you know?
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCE
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo huonyesha hisia, siku zote huishia na alama ya mshangao (!)
Examples:
Oooh! My God she died
I love you!
I hate you!
The End…
Point to ponder
Cluase
Ni sentensi zilizoundwa na mtenda/kiima(subject) na kitenzi (verb)
Independent Clause
Ni aina ya sentensi ambayo inaweza kusimama pekee yake na kuleta maana bila ktegemea sentensi nyingine.
Example
I’m writing.
They are coming.
Dependent Clause
Ni aina ya sentensi ambazo hua hazitoi maana kamili ya santensi hivyo hutegemea sentensi nyingine ili ziweze kuleta maana iliyokusudiwa.
Examples:
If you can work on Sunday
Then his sister came
After that I started to fall in love
Kwa mifano michache hiyo unaweza kuona katika sentesi hizo kuna habari Fulani imekosekana hivyo hazileti maana au inakua ngumu kujua kusudi sahihi la sentesi hiyo.
Kwa kuzingatia muundo (structure) wa sentensi, sentensi imegawanywa katika makundi haya.
SIMPLE SENTENCE
Hii ni aina ya sentensi ambayo huundwa na Independent clause moja. Technically Independent sentence ndio simple sentence
Example…
Life is Unfair
I have studied
Life is good.
COMPOUND SENTENCES
Ni aina ya sentensi ambyo huundwa kwa independent clause mbili ambazo huunganishwa kwa kutumia mkato na viunganishi (conjuction). Kwa wataalamu wa aina za maneno kwenye part ya conjuctions hapa tutatumia aina zote mbili za viunganishi ambavyo coordinating na subordinating conjuction. (F.A.N.B.O.Y.S/A.A.A.W.W.U.B.B.I.S)
Examples of compound sentnces
He studied hard but he failed
JF is for GreatThinker while FB is for kids
COMPLEX SENTENCE
Hii ni aina ya sentensi ambayo imeundwa kutumia independent clause moja na dependent clause moja au zaidi.
Examples
It was raining that’s why the football match was cancelled
Although he was so wealthy, he was still unhappy
He died because he was sick.
The End…
QUESTION TAG
Kwa wale wazee wa tookn’t you? Loven’t you? Eikeiei Question tag I got you covered, karibia kila tukivunja yai letu adhimu la lugha ya Kiswahili hua tunatumia Question tag bila kujua au tukiwa tunajua.
Q Tag ni swali ambalo huulizwa mwisho wa sentensi ili kupata ufafanuzi na uthibitisho wa sentensi iliyozungumzwa au itakayozungumzwa(clarification and confirmation of sentence), Mfano:
umependeza au sio?
Utakuja au hauji?
Unanipenda au huinipendi?
Ushakula au hujala?
HATUA ZA KUZINGATIA WAKATI WA KUUNDA QUESTION TAG
- Tambua kitenzi (Verb) kipo wapi katika sentensi yako
Mfano: go, eat,is,are, do , etc
- Tambua aina ya kitenzi kinachopatika kwenye sentensi yako kama ni
- Auxiliary Verb; hapa utapata vitenzi visaidizi ambavyo ni..
- HAVE: has, had,have,haven’t ,hadn’t hasn’t
- DO: Do, does,did,didn’t to do
- BE: Is, are, am, was,were, been.
-
- Main Verb; hapa utaangalia angalia kama sentensi yako ina kitenzi kikuu ambavyo tunavifahamu. Kama go,run,eat etc
- Tambua sentensi yako ipo katika aina gani ya nyakati (Tense)
- Kama sentensi yako ipo katika muda uliopo (present tense) tambua nafsi ya kwanza na nafsi ya tatu umoja (1st and 3rd person singular)kwenye nafasi ya tatu umoja yaani he,she,it,name, weka Does.
- Kama sentensi ipo katika wakati uliopita (past tense) tumia vitenzi saidizi Be na Do. Angalia hatua ya pili kwenye Auxiliary verbs
- Tambua kama sentensi ni hasi au chanya (affirmative or negative)
- Weka alama ya kiulizo (?)
Mifano mnaweza kuongezea kwnye comments……..
Vinjii
Vinjii