Ugonjwa wa Dengue umeingia Tanzania: Soma chanzo, dalili, tiba na jinsi ya kujikinga

[Companero]

IST MEDICAL SCHEME CLINIC
PO Box 2651
Dar es Salaam
Tanzania
Tel : +255-22-2601307/8
Fax : +255-222-2600127
Mobile : 0754-783393
E-mail : istclinic@istclinic.com

Date 5/5/2010

Dengue Fever Alert
​

To our customers,

In the last weeks several patients ( up to about 20 ) have been diagnosed with possible Dengue Fever, most likely from mosquito’s (Aedes Aegypti) that bite also during the day, In Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar.

We are still waiting for confirmation of virological tests (from South Africa)from some of our patients .

In order to protect yourself we advise to use mosquito repellent with DEET and use mosquitonets treated with insecticide.

Information about Dengue Fever signs and symptoms follows below:
Signs and symptoms

The disease manifests as a sudden onset of severe headache, muscle and joint pains (myalgias and arthralgias—severe pain that gives it the nickname break-bone fever or bonecrusher disease), fever, and rash.[8] The dengue rash is characteristically bright red petechiae and usually appears first on the lower limbs and the chest; in some patients, it spreads to cover most of the body.

There may also be gastritis with some combination of associated abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

Some cases develop much milder symptoms which can be misdiagnosed as influenza or other viral infection when no rash is present. Thus travelers from tropical areas may pass on dengue inadvertently, having not been properly diagnosed at the height of their illness.

Patients with dengue can pass on the infection only through mosquitoes or blood products and only while they are still febrile. The classic dengue fever lasts about two to seven days, with a smaller peak of fever at the trailing end of the disease (the so-called "biphasic pattern"). Clinically, the platelet count will drop until the patient's temperature is normal.

Cases of DHF also show higher fever, variable hemorrhagic phenomena, thrombocytopenia, and hemoconcentration. A small proportion of cases lead to dengue shock syndrome (DSS) which has a high mortality rate.Belia Klaassen, MD Ype Smit, MD.

Dengue fever is caused by Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus. DENV is an ssRNA positive-strand virus of the family Flaviviridae; genus Flavivirus. There are four serotypes of DENV. The virus has a genome of about 11000 bases that codes for three structural proteins, C, prM, E; seven nonstructural proteins, NS1, NS2a, NS2b,NS3, NS4a, NS4b, NS5; and short non-coding regions on both the 5' and 3' ends.[9] The potential factors causing hemorrhagic fever are varied. The most suspected factors are The diagnosis of dengue is usually made clinically.

The classic picture is high fever with no localising source of infection, a petechial rash with thrombocytopenia and relative leukopenia - low platelet and white blood cell count. Care has to be taken as diagnosis of DHF can mask end stage liver disease and vice versa.

1. Fever, bladder problem, constant headaches, eye pain, severe dizziness and loss of appetite.

2. Hemorrhagic tendency (positive tourniquet test, spontaneous bruising, bleeding from mucosa, gingiva, injection sites, etc.; vomiting blood, or bloody diarrhea)

3. Thrombocytopenia (<100,000 platelets per mm³ or estimated as less than 3 platelets per high power field)

4. Evidence of plasma leakage (hematocrit more than 20% higher than expected, or drop in hematocrit of 20% or more from baseline following IV fluid, pleural effusion, ascites, hypoproteinemia)

5. Encephalitic occurrences. Dengue shock syndrome is defined as dengue hemorrhagic fever plus: Weak rapid pulse,Narrow pulse pressure (less than 20 mm Hg)

Cold, clammy skin and restlessness.
Dependable, immediate diagnosis of dengue can be performed in rural areas by the use of Rapid Diagnostic Test kits, which also differentiate between primary and secondary dengue infections.[10] Serology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies are available to confirm the diagnosis of dengue if clinically indicated. Dengue can be a life threatening fever.

Comment IST clinic:

So far all cases seen at IST clinic were mild , some patients needed iv fluids. 2 patients were evacuated to Nairobi but recovered well. If you develop these symptoms please come to check your blood. Dont take aspirin, ibuprofen or diclofenac as this medicin can cause internal bleeding. Paracetamol can be used.

Dr Belia Klaassen, May 5, 2010

 

[Bawa mwamba]

NILIPOKUA MTOTO NAAKUMBUKA SANA KULIKUWA KUNA UGONJWA UNAITWA homa ya DENGE RUA.. Mpaka leo hii sijapata tafsiri yake kwa kiingereza.Labda ndio huo.

 

[Preta]

NILIPOKUA MTOTO NAAKUMBUKA SANA KULIKUWA KUNA UGONJWA UNAITWA homa ya DENGE RUA.. Mpaka leo hii sijapata tafsiri yake kwa kiingereza.Labda ndio huo.

hiyo ni pombe au ugonjwa?

 

[Companero]

Tehe Tehe ila jamani kuweni siriasi, nisaidieni mwenzenu, naogopa sana magonjwa ya kuambukiza!

 

[Nyani Ngabu]

Ni denge fiva kwa kiswahili

 

[Tsetse]

it is good and alarming new.
but as long as you meant to alarm the public it would be much better to find or coin into Tanzanian context. Also dont forget to give the feedback of the sample posted to RSA once are back.

 

[Papa Mopao]

Hili gonjwa linakuwaje kuwaje?

 

[drphone]

akuna mwenye data zaidi juu ya huu ugonjwa

 

[Companero]

watu wanafanya utani hapa ilhali hivi sasa kuna mazalia kibao ya mbu bongo pamoja na mijisifa tunayomwagiwa kwa kupambana na malaria!

 

[FirstLady1]

hiki ni kingereza au kigiriki nimecheki kwenye dictionary sijaiona.

 

[Bawa mwamba]

hiyo ni pombe au ugonjwa?

''Ngambo Ngali''Tunaomba msaada wa tafsiri kutoka kwenye kamusi yako

 

[Maria Roza]

Huu ugonjwa upo sana maeneo ya south america na ni kama Malaria, unaambukizwa kwa mbu.

 

[Bawa mwamba]

Dengue fever two cases were reported from Japanese travelers and European traveler in early 2010; see ProMED-mail, March 23, 2010), from Tanzania.Hata hivyo kwa Tanzania tuna ugonjwa wetu ambao unafanana sana na hiyo Dengue fever.Wa kwetu unaitwa Homa ya Chikungunya.Ulielezewa kwa mara ya kwanza mwaka 1955 na Marion Robinson and W.H.R. Lumsde. Maeneo ya mtwara yaliyokuwa yanajulikana kama makonde Plateu ,kwenye mpaka wa Mozambique na Tanganyika.Kwa lugha ya kimakonde Chikungunya ni neno lenye maana ya leans downward [hii ni moja ya dalili waizokuwa wanaonekana nazo wagonjwa [contorted posture of patients afflicted with the severe joint pain associated with this disease.]CAUSES; Kidemography ugonjwa huu unapatikana zaidi Tropical Africa na Asia. Aina ya virus alphavirus genus of the Togaviridae family.Hawa pia ni "Arbovirus" (Ar-arthropod, bo-borne).Wahifadhi wa virusi hawa ni nyani,wanyama na hata binadamu.Kwa sasa umesambaa kwenye sehemu kubwa ya dunia.Maambukizi,kungatwa na mbu aliyeathirika na virusi vya Chikungunya[CHIKV]Binadamu-mbu-binadamu.Signs and symptoms; CHIKV wanasababisha homa ambayo dalili zake ni sawa na dengue fever.Huchukua siku 2-4 kujionyesha.Dalili ni homa yenye kufika 40 °C (104 °F), ), a petechial [red or purple spot on the body huwa vinakuwa na shepu ya duara na rangi nyekundu ni ishara ya kuvia kwa damu chini ya ngozi ]or maculopapular rash[Macules are small, flat, discolored spots on the surface of the skin kama ngozi iliyobabuka kizeruzeru lakini vinakuwa vina mduara mdogo,papular ni bump] of the trunk and occasionally the limbs, and arthralgia or arthritis affecting multiple joints. Other nonspecific symptoms can include headache, conjunctival Infection, and slight photophobia.Homa yake inaweza kuchukua mpaka siku mbili na kupotea ghafla,lakini dalili nyingine kama maumivu ya viungo,kichwa, kuharibika kwa usingizi[insonia]yanaweza kuchukua muda murefu zaidi..5-7 days.Uharaka wa uponaji wake hutegemeana na umri pia.Diagnosis ; RT-PCR, virus isolation, and serological tests.hii ndio hutoa jawabu halisi la aina ya virusi.Tatizo inachukua muda mrefu mno kutoa jibu,.minimum ni wiki mbili.RT-PCR kwa kutumia nested primer pairs for specific genes. Hii inachukua mpaka siku mbili kupata majibu.Eliza test kupima specific IgM levels.Kutokana na wingi wa siku kwenye kusubiria majibu,matibabu yanaruhusiwa kuanza mapema kwa kutumiavigezo vya baadhi ya tests za muda mfupi na clinical signs.HATA hivyo study nyingi zinazoendelea katika bara la Asia zimeonyesha kwamba , clinical and laboratory features za haya magonjwa mawali, hazina tofauti. Ingawa kuathirika k wa viungo[arthritis ] ndio leading sign ya mgonjwa mwenye HOMA YA CHIKUNGUNYA [http://pmj.bmj.com/content/85/1005/342.abstract]Treatment; no specific treatment for CHIKV. Hata chanjo walizotengeneza wamarekani zime prove Failure.Chloroquine is gaining ground as a possible treatment for the symptoms associated with Chikungunya, and as an anti-inflammatory agent to combat the arthritis associated with Chikungunya virus. A University of Malaya study found that for arthritis-like symptoms that are not relieved by aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), Chloroquine phosphate (250 mg/day) has given promising results.Use as a biological weaponChikungunya was one of more than a dozen agents that the United States researched as potential biological weapons before the nation suspended its biological weapons program. [Wikipedia]Ajabu less is known about this disease in TANZANIA, ukifungua kwenye Google utaona thousand of studies kwa wenzetu. sasa tusubiri tofauti, labda ni Dengue virus au CHIKV

 

[Bawa mwamba]

Sijui hata kwa wengine ni hivi? Aicons za smiles ndio zimejaa 3/4 ya quick reply.nikiandika ndio hayo juu yanatokea .nimejaribu kuedit sana lakini bado. Fronts ,sizes.abc, bold ,rangi hazifanyi kazi .njamani naombeni msaada

 

[bitimkongwe]

Kitu muhimu cha kuangalia ni jee hao mbu wa aina ya Aedes egypti wapo Tanzania? Ikiwa species hiii ipo basi ni hatari sana.

Ila sijawahi kusikia kwamba dengue fever ipo au imewahi kuingia Tanzania lakini hio sio sababu inawezekana mabadiliko ya tabianchi yakasababisha baadhi ya vijidudu ambavyo vimekuwa dormant kwa miaka yote vikawa active.

Waliopo hapa wanaoambukiza malaria ni Anopheles, wapo na wale Culex (sina uhakika kama ndio wanaosababisha homa ya matende?)

 

[Elusive]

Huu ugonjwa upo sana nchi za South East Asia, hawa wageni wanaotoka
nchi za hizo wangechunguzwa sana kwa sabau ni homa hatari sana kuliko Malaria.

 

[Kachanchabuseta]

Tehe Tehe ila jamani kuweni siriasi, nisaidieni mwenzenu, naogopa sana magonjwa ya kuambukiza!

mkuu asante sana, huu Ugojwa upo hapa Tanzania Tayari unaambukizwa na mbu akikung'ata but huyo mbu inakuwa amebite affected people ni kama maLARIA HIVI but ikikupata unaendesha kama huna akili nzuri

 

[Andrew Nyerere]

Chikungunya, Denge fever inaitwa 'chikungunya' na watu waliopo katika hivyo visiwa,kama vile Mauritius,etc.