Vita vya Kagera: Nini chanzo? Kulikuwa na ulazima?

[Ngongo]

[h=1]Libyan troops to blame for Amin's fall[/h]
In Part III of the new Daily Monitor ‘The fall of Idi Amin' series, Timothy Kalyegira discusses the blunders made by the Libyan force sent to support Amin against the invading Tanzanian troops, and Amin's last remarks, before fleeing into exile, after being overthrown by a combined force of the Tanzanian army and some armed Uganda groups exiled in Kenya and Tanzania during the 1970s.

From the evidence we have seen so far in this series, it is clear that neither the Ugandan government nor the Tanzanian government wished or planned to go to war in late 1978. A Ugandan guerrilla group based in Kagera in northwest Tanzania undertook acts of sabotage and provocation in order to trigger off an attack either by Tanzania or Uganda.

It is also clear that the Tanzanian army in Uganda, which had been given clear instructions by their overall commander, Major-General David Msuguri, not to destroy any infrastructure in Uganda, was not and could not have been the force that systematically destroyed the towns of Masaka and Mbarara in Uganda.***image1***

Furthermore, the Uganda Army under Amin was instructed to evacuate civilians from the frontline areas just before the army would engage the Tanzanian troops. Uganda's Military Police supervised these evacuations.

Uganda Army buses also ferried out civilians who wanted to leave the towns and head to the villages. I was a witness to this in Entebbe and it happened all over the country.

It therefore sounds difficult to believe that this same army whose commander-in-chief was Idi Amin, which observed the requirements of the Geneva Conventions regarding the treatment of civilians, would be the same army to have embarked on a large scale campaign of looting, rape, and murder in Tanzania's Kagera Salient or, more importantly, would be the same army widely believed to have spent eight years from 1971 to 1979 terrorizing Ugandans.

By March 1979 when a unity conference was called in the Tanzanian town of Moshi to discuss a post-Amin Uganda, it was becoming clear that the war was lost and Amin's government was going to fall.

Col. Muammar Gaddafi, alarmed at that prospect, sent a total of 2,500 Libyan troops and equipment to shore up Amin. Among this equipment were T-54 and T-55 main battle tanks, BTR Armoured Personnel Carriers, a Tupolev TU-22 bomber, MiG-21s, and the powerful BM-21 "Katyusha" Multiple Rocket Launchers.
The Uganda Army war effort had been planned by: Lt. Col. Abdul Kisule, the operations commander; Lt. Col. Godwin Sule; Major Christopher Ndibowa was the chairman of the War Planning Committee; his deputy was Major Vincent Yekoko; and Lt. Col. Bernard Rwehururu.

Toward the end of the war, after Lt. Col. Ali Kiiza, the Commander of the MiG-21 "Sungura" Squadron, had reportedly deserted, Amin appointed Lt. Col. Andrew Mukooza, Commander of the MiG-17 squadron, as the Airforce commander.

There were military blunders on both sides of the conflict. Although Gaddafi sent a force that was far from the best that his country had – these being mainly paramilitary and local defence forces as well as solders from the Libyan-trained Islamic Pan-African Legion (Libya's answer to France's Foreign Legion) –the Libyan troops brought to Uganda equipment so sophisticated the Tanzanians had never seen.

On March 10, 1979, the Libyans, now in Lukaya in south-central Uganda, encountered Tanzania's 201st Brigade.
The deafening sound of the BM-21 rocket launchers alone when fired over Lukaya, caused many terrified Tanzanian troops to drop their guns and flee from the battlefront.

The Libyan force had started pushing the Tanzanian army back from Lukaya to Tanzania. But for unclear reasons, the Libyans made several miscalculations and, not realising how close they were to defeating Tanzania, relaxed and lost the momentum they had gained. That was when the tide of war turned decisively from the 4,500 Libyan contingent in favour of the 45,000-man Tanzanian force.

It will remain a puzzle for a long time why the Libyans failed to defeat the Tanzanians. They had equipment beyond anything that any East African army had ever seen. Their supplies were abundant.

When the Tanzanians arrived at the Entebbe Airforce base on April 10, 1979, they discovered a huge stock of sophisticated weapons that should have earned the Libyans alone a handy victory over Tanzanians 10 times their number.

As for Tanzania's blunders, in early November 1978, Tanzanian anti-aircraft batteries, thinking that what they had spotted were Uganda Airforce MiG-21 jets, shot down five of their own Tanzanian airforce planes.


Lt. Col. David Oyite-Ojok of the Kikoosi Maluum force loyal to Obote, made the announcement over Radio Uganda on April 11, 1979.

Earlier on his way from Soroti to Nakasongola before flying to Libya, Amin made a series of broadcasts via his field radio linked to Radio Uganda. The significance of these broadcasts will one day dawn on Ugandans who, to this day, remain unaware of what was really going on during his rule.

Amin, speaking in Luganda, English, and Kiswahili, insisted over and over again that "I am innocent! I am an innocent man!"

In that final, dramatic address to Ugandans before he left, Amin said he had given Ugandans "all the milk and honey" they needed to become a prosperous country. "You have turned around and spat in my face. I am going to ask God, who knows my innocence, to keep me alive….I will die a natural death. While I am there [in exile presumably] I will monitor how wonderful life will be for you after me, if you do not become total slaves. I removed your country from foreigners and gave it to you…"

It must be reiterated that the refusal or failure to view Idi Amin as a historical figure, with significant ideas and information of his own, the failure to form an accurate picture of Amin as a highly efficient man (so different from the images of buffoonery and brutality portrayed in books like A State of Blood and films like The Rise and Fall of Idi Amin and The Last King of Scotland), is the reason Uganda is paying the price of omitting Amin's point of view from the formal historical record, as this series

Source; Uganda. Daily Monitor

 

[reandle]

NasDaz,

..asante kwa maelezo yako.

..napenda kusisitiza kwamba Tz na Ug zilisaini makubaliano ya amani yaliyosimamiwa na Somalia.

..tangu kusainiwa kwa makubaliano hayo hakukuwa na tukio lolote lile na kuhujumiana baina ya Tz na Ug.

..majarida mbalimbali yanaelekeza kwamba focus ya Tz ilikuwa kwenye ukombozi wa kusini mwa Afrika. Nimesoma mahali kwamba wakati Amini anatuvamia JWTZ walikuwa ktk maandalizi kwenda kusaidia mapigano kusini mwa Afrika.

..zaidi, Amini alipotuvamia hakusema kwamba amefanya hivyo ili kuwafuatilia waasi wa Kiganda waliopata hifadhi huku Tanzania. Amini alituvamia akidai kwamba Kagera ni eneo la Uganda.

..Juhudi za usuluhishi zilikwama kwasababu Amini hakutaka kukanusha madai hayo, pamoja na kulipa fidia kwa uharibifu wa mali aliosababisha.

JokaKuu,
Pekua makarabrasha yako kutafuta suala la Mogadishu Accord utagundua kwamba ile accord sisi (Tanzania) tulii-despise. Kulikuwa na tuhuma kwamba mkataba ule ambao ulisimamiwa na Moh'd Siade Barre ulikuwa na chembechembe za upendeleo na kwamba Bare alikuwa anam-favor Mu-Uislamu mwenzake Iddi Amin... tafuta utakutana na hizi tuhuma. Na kwa kudhihirisha kwamba Mwalimu hakuwa comfortable na ule mkataba, wiki chache baada ya mkataba ule palikuwa na sherehe kubwa sana pale Somalia... if am not mistaken zilihusu kuadhimisha uhuru wa Somalia. Mwalimu alisusa sherehe zile hasa baada ya kuona Amin ameenda. Kama kumbukumbu zangu zipo sawa, haya yalifanyika chini ya mwezi mmoja tangu mkataba ule kusainiwa!

Kwamba focus ya Tanzania ilikuwa liberation ya Africa hilo halikuwa na mjadala lakinii Mwalimu kama mwanadamu mwingine yeyote nae alikuwa na personal feelings... alikuwa na mahaba makubwa kwa Obotte na hili sio siri.

Aidha, tukija kwamba Amin alipotuvamia hakusema kuhusu kufuata waasi, sikatai lakini ndio maana nilisema kabla kwamba Amin was a notorious leader, so when you mess up with a notorious guy hawezi kuchagua wapi pa ku-hit! Lakini hata hivyo, issue hapa ni kwamba tulikuwa tunafadhili uasi dhidi ya Amin.

Kuhusu kukwama kwa juhudi za usuluhishi tatizo lilikuwa toka pande tatu... kwanza kabisa, kamanilivyosema hapo awali Amin mwenyewe was just a notorious lakini pili Mwalimu mwenyewe alimuona Amin ni mshenzi tu asiyeaminika na wala kufaa kuongoza watu lakini mwisho OAU yenyewe ilijaa viongozi wa kijeshi ambao in one way or another walimuona kama Mwalimu alijitakia na ndio maana, kama unakumbuka, Mwalimu aliwaomba viongozi wa OAU wamlaani Amin lakini hawakufanya hivyo coz' Amin na wengi wao walikuwa one and the same... MILITARY GUYS!

Hata hivyo, bado nasisitiza, sipingi vita vya Kagera... kwa pale ambapo tulifikia, bila kujali chanzo tulikuwa na kila sababu ya ku-FIGHT BACK!

 

[JokaKuu]

JokaKuu,
Pekua makarabrasha yako kutafuta suala la Mogadishu Accord utagundua kwamba ile accord sisi (Tanzania) tulii-despise. Kulikuwa na tuhuma kwamba mkataba ule ambao ulisimamiwa na Moh'd Siade Barre ulikuwa na chembechembe za upendeleo na kwamba Bare alikuwa anam-favor Mu-Uislamu mwenzake Iddi Amin... tafuta utakutana na hizi tuhuma. Na kwa kudhihirisha kwamba Mwalimu hakuwa comfortable na ule mkataba, wiki chache baada ya mkataba ule palikuwa na sherehe kubwa sana pale Somalia... if am not mistaken zilihusu kuadhimisha uhuru wa Somalia. Mwalimu alisusa sherehe zile hasa baada ya kuona Amin ameenda. Kama kumbukumbu zangu zipo sawa, haya yalifanyika chini ya mwezi mmoja tangu mkataba ule kusainiwa!

Kwamba focus ya Tanzania ilikuwa liberation ya Africa hilo halikuwa na mjadala lakinii Mwalimu kama mwanadamu mwingine yeyote nae alikuwa na personal feelings... alikuwa na mahaba makubwa kwa Obotte na hili sio siri.

Aidha, tukija kwamba Amin alipotuvamia hakusema kuhusu kufuata waasi, sikatai lakini ndio maana nilisema kabla kwamba Amin was a notorious leader, so when you mess up with a notorious guy hawezi kuchagua wapi pa ku-hit! Lakini hata hivyo, issue hapa ni kwamba tulikuwa tunafadhili uasi dhidi ya Amin.

Kuhusu kukwama kwa juhudi za usuluhishi tatizo lilikuwa toka pande tatu... kwanza kabisa, kamanilivyosema hapo awali Amin mwenyewe was just a notorious lakini pili Mwalimu mwenyewe alimuona Amin ni mshenzi tu asiyeaminika na wala kufaa kuongoza watu lakini mwisho OAU yenyewe ilijaa viongozi wa kijeshi ambao in one way or another walimuona kama Mwalimu alijitakia na ndio maana, kama unakumbuka, Mwalimu aliwaomba viongozi wa OAU wamlaani Amin lakini hawakufanya hivyo coz' Amin na wengi wao walikuwa one and the same... MILITARY GUYS!

Hata hivyo, bado nasisitiza, sipingi vita vya Kagera... kwa pale ambapo tulifikia, bila kujali chanzo tulikuwa na kila sababu ya ku-FIGHT BACK!

JokaKuu,

..asante.

..kweli inabidi nikapekue makabrasha mengine zaidi.

..Mwalimu alikuwa hana jinsi but kusaini mkataba wa amani wa Mogadishu.

..nasema hivyo kwasababu Mwalimu ndiye alikuwa mgomvi katika mgogoro ule.

..zaidi, Mwalimu aliadhirika vibaya baada ya operation ya kumvamia Amin kusambaratishwa.

..juu ya hayo, kuna madai kwamba JWTZ hawakuunga mkono operation ile, na matokeo yake kazi ya kuwaandaa waasi wa Uganda kijeshi ikafanywa na JKT.

NB:

..nakuomba ulitafute "kabrasha" linalohusiana na mpango wa waasi wa Uganda kumpindua Amini kwa msaada wa Tanzania. It was a very daring attempt, tatizo ni kwamba jaribio lilifeli, na waasi wengi kupoteza maisha.

cc Ngongo

 

[JokaKuu]

NasDaz, Ngongo,

..Lt.Col.Maurice Singano, mkuu wa kikosi cha JWTZ kilichokuwa Kagera wakati Amin anatuvamia amefariki dunia.

..taarifa ya kifo chake ilitoka ktk blog ya michuzi siku mbili zilizopita.

..taarifa zinasema Lt.Col.Singano ndiyo alikuwa mkuu wa kikosi, na Brig.Yussuf Himidi[r.i.p] alikuwa brigade commander.

..R.I.P Maurice Singano.

cc Nyenyere, Gs-300

 

[Ngongo]

Mkuu JokaKuu hawa makamanda ndio wanamalizika taratibu bila kuacha maandishi ya mchango wao walioutoa kwa taifa ni bahati mbaya sana habari za vita ya Uganda na Tanzania hatujapata kamanda alishiriki vita moja kwa moja na akatoa darsa la kuelimishi jinsi vita iliyoendeshwa.

Makamanda wa Uganda wanafunguka vizuri sijui upande wa Tanzania kuna nini.

NasDaz, Ngongo,

..Lt.Col.Maurice Singano, mkuu wa kikosi cha JWTZ kilichokuwa Kagera wakati Amin anatuvamia amefariki dunia.

..taarifa ya kifo chake ilitoka ktk blog ya michuzi siku mbili zilizopita.

..taarifa zinasema Lt.Col.Singano ndiyo alikuwa mkuu wa kikosi, na Brig.Yussuf Himidi[r.i.p] alikuwa brigade commander.

..R.I.P Maurice Singano.

cc Nyenyere, Gs-300

 

[reandle]

JokaKuu,

..asante.

..kweli inabidi nikapekue makabrasha mengine zaidi.

..Mwalimu alikuwa hana jinsi but kusaini mkataba wa amani wa Mogadishu.

..nasema hivyo kwasababu Mwalimu ndiye alikuwa mgomvi katika mgogoro ule.

..zaidi, Mwalimu aliadhirika vibaya baada ya operation ya kumvamia Amin kusambaratishwa.

..juu ya hayo, kuna madai kwamba JWTZ hawakuunga mkono operation ile, na matokeo yake kazi ya kuwaandaa waasi wa Uganda kijeshi ikafanywa na JKT.

NB:

..nakuomba ulitafute "kabrasha" linalohusiana na mpango wa waasi wa Uganda kumpindua Amini kwa msaada wa Tanzania. It was a very daring attempt, tatizo ni kwamba jaribio lilifeli, na waasi wengi kupoteza maisha.

cc Ngongo

Kabla sijapekua pekua, kwanza nikushukuru hapo kwenye RED... miaka yote hii nilikuwa sijafahamu kwa kina kwanini military training kwa wafuasi wa Obotte itolewe Handeni ambako ni kambi ya JKT badala ya kufanyika na TPDF... I didn't know kwamba TPDF walio-oppose ile operation. Aidha, mengine yote uliyosema ni very TRUE.

 

[reandle]

Mkuu JokaKuu hawa makamanda ndio wanamalizika taratibu bila kuacha maandishi ya mchango wao walioutoa kwa taifa ni bahati mbaya sana habari za vita ya Uganda na Tanzania hatujapata kamanda alishiriki vita moja kwa moja na akatoa darsa la kuelimishi jinsi vita iliyoendeshwa.

Makamanda wa Uganda wanafunguka vizuri sijui upande wa Tanzania kuna nini.

Mkuu Ngongo, umezungumza jambo moja la msingi sana, tena sana! Inasikitisha sana makamanda wetu kutoelezea upande wa pili wa nini hasa kilitokea... ni miaka 35 sasa imepita; kwahiyo makamanda ambao walikuwa na miaka 30, kwa sasa ni wazee wa 65 years... in few years wote watakuwa wametoweka bila kuacha historia isiyo shaka. Nadhani hii nayo ni changamoto kwetu wengine tunaopenda kupekuwa pekuwa... we need to work on it.

 

[JokaKuu]

Mkuu Ngongo, umezungumza jambo moja la msingi sana, tena sana! Inasikitisha sana makamanda wetu kutoelezea upande wa pili wa nini hasa kilitokea... ni miaka 35 sasa imepita; kwahiyo makamanda ambao walikuwa na miaka 30, kwa sasa ni wazee wa 65 years... in few years wote watakuwa wametoweka bila kuacha historia isiyo shaka. Nadhani hii nayo ni changamoto kwetu wengine tunaopenda kupekuwa pekuwa... we need to work on it.

..majuzi gazeti la Uganda, the monitor, wamewahoji baadhi ya makamanda wa JWTZ walioshiriki vita ya Uganda.

..yaani the monitor wamechangamkia hiyo stori kabla ya wenzao wa Tanzania ambao ni mwananchi na the citizen.

NB:

..kuna mahali nilieleza kwamba tulipovamiwa JWTZ walikuwa wanajiandaa kwenda kusaidia mapigano kusini mwa Afrika.

..naomba nirekebishe hapo. Kuna kikosi ambacho kilikuwa chini ya Col.Lupembe ambacho kilikuwa kinajiaandaa kwenda Namibia kulinda amani chini ya mwamvuli wa UN. Kutokana na uvamizi wa Iddi Amini kikosi hicho kilipelekwa vitani Kagera.

..Hizi ni taarifa ambazo nimezipata toka kwenye makala za gazeti la the monitor la Uganda.

cc Ngongo, Manyerere Jackton, Pasco

 

[Baba Joseph17]

naskia kuna mkono wa waingereza na wamarekani, sina uhakika nahitaji maelezo kwa wanaojua zaidi. Amini alikua na silaha pamoja na jeshi lililojitosheleza zaidi yetu, je ilikuaje tukashinda?tulitumia satelite za nani ku target majeshi ya amini?na kwanini? Kuna siri nyingi wakubwa.

Vita ni mipango na siyo siraha na jeshi jiulize kwanini USA walishindwa kule Ventinam na Afghanistan? Mwaka 2007 Israel ilishindwa kwa wanamgambo wa Hesbola?

 

[Baba Joseph17]

Nashukuru sana kwa michango hii wandugu.

Sababu zilizotolewa zinaleta mantiki na baadhi nimewahi kuzisikia.

Ambacho sijawahi kukisikia, na ambacho nimetaja kuwa nakiomba, kama kipo, ni hoja ya vita kupitia hotuba ya "Sababu Tunazo, Uwezo Tunao" iliyotolewa Agosti 18, 1978, na Hayati J. Kambarage Nyerere.

Unaposema "sababu ni kuvamiwa, kwani hujui" hainisaidii. Si kila unapovamiwa unaamkia vitani. Yapaswa, katika diplomasia za vita, uonyeshe, kama ambavyo nasikia Rais alifanya, kuwa njia nyingine zimeshindikana.

Hiyo hoja ya Rais ndio ninayoitafiti. Kuna mtu anayo?

We kijana wa kidigital mwaka 1978-1979 hukuwepo na kama ungalikuwepo usingeandika uzandiki wako huo unadhani mtu akikuvamia kwako jawabu ni kumwacha afanye analotaka na wewe ukimwangalia tu!

 

[jiwe la maji]

huyo anaesema marekani ilishindwa vita vietinam na afghanistan 100% ni mwisilam maana waislam hata siku 1 hua hawaikubari usa kwa taarifa yako hao magaidi wako walifurushwa madarakani na usa kwa miki 2 tu na mwish wa siku kalzai ndio rais na sio mula

 

[jiwe la maji]

vita vya vyetinam usa ilipoteza wanajeshi wake mil4 na vyetinam mil16 unazani kwa huo uwiano kama vita ingeendelea nani angeishiwa wanajeshi. usa ilisitisha vita kwakua vita yenyewe haikua na faida ile nchi haina mafuta na pia vibaraka wa kuachiwa

 

[jiwe la maji]

huwa nashangaa kuona waislam wa tanganyika kujiona nao ni waarabu ugomvi wa wazungu na waarabu wa kupigania rasilimali nyie unawahusu nini kinawauma na mjue inchi za kiarabu adui wa usa ni chache sana iran, syria na sudan tu kati ya zote

 

[gairo]

Tatizo lilikuwa Mr obote ambaye Tayari alishaanza kuleta aina ya ujamaa huko kwake , kupinduliwa kulimuudhi sana Bwana mkubwa kwa hiyo uadui ulianzia hapo wala idi hakuwa na shida na sisi

 

[AZUSA STREET]

vita vya vyetinam usa ilipoteza wanajeshi wake mil4 na vyetinam mil16 unazani kwa huo uwiano kama vita ingeendelea nani angeishiwa wanajeshi. usa ilisitisha vita kwakua vita yenyewe haikua na faida ile nchi haina mafuta na pia vibaraka wa kuachiwa

US ilipoteza wanajeshi 58,220 tu. hiyo figure umeipata wapi? bofya hapa http://www.statisticbrain.com/vietnam-war-statistics/

 

[Daniel M J]

vita vya vyetinam usa ilipoteza wanajeshi wake mil4 na vyetinam mil16 unazani kwa huo uwiano kama vita ingeendelea nani angeishiwa wanajeshi. usa ilisitisha vita kwakua vita yenyewe haikua na faida ile nchi haina mafuta na pia vibaraka wa kuachiwa

mhhhh milioni 4 na mil 16? hiyo idadi iangalie upya

 

[spade4spade]

tatizo lilikuwa mr obote ambaye tayari alishaanza kuleta aina ya ujamaa huko kwake , kupinduliwa kulimuudhi sana bwana mkubwa kwa hiyo uadui ulianzia hapo wala idi hakuwa na shida na sisi

kufikirika kwiiiiiiiiingi.

 

[franktemu123]

Nyerere hakupenda Uganda itawaliwe na Muislam (Idd Amin)

 

[bdo]

Sababu ya kwanza ni utawala wa kidikteta wa idd amin uganda kubomoa daraja la mto kagera mtukula na maneno ya kebehi kwa baba wa taifa pia alitangaza kwamba kagera ni sehemu ya uganda na alichoma bendera ya taifa na ya chama cha mapinduzi hadharani vilevile alisema anataka jeshi lake lifike mpaka dar es salaam yaani liiteke dar jamaa alikua anajiamini sana kwasababu alikua anaona tu kwamba sisi watanzania ni wapole sana kumbe uwezo tunao na nguvu tunayo nadhani waganda mpaka leo wanatuogopa maana tulipiga mpaka tukatokezea ethiopia!

Kudadeki mpaka Ethiopia? Ila nasikia tuligusa Sudan, ambayo sasa ni south Sudan, I think Sudan wangeruhusu tungevuta hadi Libya ili kupeleka salam.

 

[bowlibo]

Watanzania tupende kuwa tunasoma historia na vitabu na kuanalyse mambo bila emotions. Wala tusitawaliwe na uswahiba au mapenzi just bcaz unampenda mtu bac kila anachofanya is right..!

Kwa udadisi wangu na uelewa wangu na source zangu za information sababu za vita ya amini zilikua kuu mbili 1st Interest ya nyerere kumpandikiza washikaji zake obote na museveni though alizuga mwanzoni kwa kumpa lule..!

2nd was interest ya wamarekani na waingereza kutokana na dini ya Amini, uhusiano wake na waarabu na kauli zake dhidi ya israel na baada ya kuteka ile ndege ya waisrael plan zilifanywa chap chap kwa kumuhusisha nyerere na kwasababu nyerere alikua na hiyo plan mambo yalikua mepesi akawezeshwa vita ikapigwa. Though china pia walitupa silaha soo hapa nyerere alitumia ucomunist wake pia kuget other helps...!

At least wewe una clue. Hiyo ya ndege ya Israel ndo tunapoweza kuanzia, issue ya dini weka pembeni